HYDRO ELECTRIC INSTALLATIONS. LIX, 
When flooding a large valley it may be necessary to 
inundate cultivated land and possibly buildings, etc. there- 
fore ample compensation must be allowed on the estimates 
and the interest on this will be a constant charge against 
irrigation and power. Inthe case of Trawool, for example, 
it will be necessary to relay a section of railway line and 
remove a part of Yea township, but even allowing £300,000 
for this, the scheme is financially sound. All the State 
Governments would do well to at once reserve all valleys 
that are likely to be wanted for water conservation. 
Uses of Electric Power.—It is a mistake to assume, as 
some do, that given the possibility of developing electric 
power from conservation dams, it must necessarily be 
transmitted over long distances in order to find a market. 
Hlectro chemical and electro metallurgical works are often 
situated near to the power plant as has happened at Niagara 
and Rheinfelden, and in Scandinavia. The writer had some 
professional work in Norway in connection witha 3,000 HP 
plant, situated about 70 miles inland from Trondtheim, and 
very much out of the way. It would have been easy to have 
generated at high voltage and transmited to a more access- 
ible factory site, but on the contrar y,it was thought advisable 
to have the factory near the water power. It does not 
follow, therefore, that when Trawool is harnessed, all the 
power need be transmitted 60 miles or so to Melbourne, 
Bendigo etc. One great advantage in giving a supply to 
factories situated near to the power is that special time 
contracts can be entered into, by which if there should be 
a shortage of water the output of the factories can be 
temporarily reduced. In cold countries shortage is usually 
in midwinter, due to the small streams freezing, and fac- 
tories frequently ease up at such times. In Australia the 
shortage would be in midsummer. 
Assuming that there will be a drought every ten or 
fifteen years necessitating a reduction in power delivered 
