The Garden Magazine 



Volume XXII 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 



Number 2 



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The Best of the Hardy Climbing Shrubs 



Arnold 

 Arboretum 



By E. H. Wilson, 



PERMANENT VINES FOR TRELLIS AND WALL THAT WILL GIVE A SUCCESSION OF FLOWER TO LATE FALL 



[Editor's Note. — This, the fourth in the series of articles that Mr. Wilson is writing for The Garden Magazine, is especially 

 timely, and strikes a popular note. Nothing will more quickly destroy the appearance of "newness" about a home than an appropriate 

 planting of vines. Mistakes may readily be made in planting the wrong kind for the situation at hand. Mr. Wilson has had un- 

 paralleled opportunity to form judgments about these plants, from his experiences in the gardens of Europe and America as well as his 

 extensive travels over the whole northern Hemisphere, studying plants from a gardener's viewpoint. The conclusions here presented form the 

 most complete, most concise, and most authoritative summary of present day material ever presented for the gardeners of America to use.] 



ONE of the fundamental properties 

 of the living substance of plants 

 and animals (protoplasm) is ir- 

 ritability or sensitiveness — the 

 power of responding to . external stimuli. 

 The class of plants under consideration here 

 owes its origin to this peculiar property, and 

 the most casual among us may derive both 



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Dutchman's Pipe (large leaf) is a reliable vine for massive 

 foliage. Chinese Honeysuckle in conjunction for fragrant 

 flowers 



pleasure and instruction from observing 

 this irritability in operation. Twining 

 stems and other organs specially adapted 

 for the purpose of assisting plants to climb, 

 are very sensitive to contact. Further, if 

 the necessary contact or external stimulus 

 be denied the growth of many climbing 

 plants is retarded. For example, if when 

 the young shoots of Pole Beans commence 

 to elongate and cast round as it were (nu- 

 tate) for some support every gardener and 

 farmer knows that poles must be affixed 

 or the crop of beans will be a failure. In 

 the forests and thickets where climbing 

 plants grow wild their associate plants are 

 seized upon and forced to assist these 

 climbers in rearing themselves- against 

 gravity toward the sunlight. 



A majority of our hardy woody climbers, 

 for example Wisteria, Actinidia, Celastrus, 

 etc., etc., climb by means of twining stems. 

 In a number the stems coil in a definite 

 direction and refuse absolutely to be ca- 

 joled into twining in any other direction. 

 For example: the shoots of a common 

 European Woodbine (Lonicera Caprifolium) 

 twine from right to left (clockwise); those 

 of the Dutchman's Pipe (Aristolochia du- 

 rior) twine from left to right (counter- 

 clockwise). The why of this is outside 

 our immediate discussion but that it is 

 fact may be proven by all who will take 

 the trouble to examine these plants. 



Another large group climbs by means of 

 tendrils which are especially modified organs. 

 In the Grapevine (Vitis) an abortive in- 

 florescence developed from the side of the 

 shoot opposite the leaf is the specially 

 adapted climbing organ. The closely al- 



lied Boston Ivy (Parthenocissus tricuspi- 

 data) has the free ends of the tendril flat- 

 tened into discs which firmly adhere to 

 walls and rocks. In Smilax the stipules 

 are modified to form tendrils. In Clematis 

 the stalk of the leaf and leaflets serve the 

 purpose. In another group to which be- 

 longs the Ivy (Hedera helix), Climbing Hyd- 



The Panicled Clematis is indispensable as a white flow- 

 ered porch climber for late summer bloom. All Clematis 

 are fond of lime in the soil 



'Copyright igis, by Doubleday, Page & Co. 



