January, 1916 



THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 



195 



flavors and colors and kinds of fruit it 

 produces. 



All bramble berries require cross- 

 pollination to produce the heaviest crops 

 and the finest fruit. Dewberries often 

 fail almost entirely when not pollinated by 

 other dewberries or by blackberries growing 

 within 10 feet or so, but unlike strawberries, 

 the blossoms of all varieties are "perfect," 

 and will pollinate the blossoms of all other 

 varieties. 



A fine-spun discussion of the soil require- 

 ments of the bramble berries could be ex- 

 tended to considerable length, but is 

 unnecessary. Use the land you have, by 

 putting it in good condition with vegetable 

 matter, thorough tillage and commercial 

 fertilizer, give the berry plants proper 

 cultivation, pruning, and other attention, 

 and you will get more fruit than you ever 

 thought it was possible to grow on a small 

 area. 



But it might be of benefit to know that 

 in general blackberries grow best and yield 

 the largest, juiciest fruit when in deep 

 moist loam or clay. They will not do well 

 in soil that is water-soaked. They some- 

 times bear great crops of berries in thin 

 soils of hillsides where the plant food is all 

 but exhausted, yet the fruit produced in 

 such localities never is as large and fine as 

 that grown where the conditions are not so 

 harsh. Raspberries thrive in all kinds of 

 soils. Red raspberries are natives to the 

 poor sandy pine lands of the cold North, and 

 black raspberries in a natural state seem to 

 prefer sun-baked hillsides and stony batters 

 where forest trees have disappeared. In 

 your garden they will respond to cultiva- 



tion and care, yet their soil should not be 

 too rich or they will grow canes instead of 

 fruit. In fertilizing them use plenty of 

 potash and phosphorus and less of nitrogen. 



The hill system of culture is the only way 

 to manage these berries in your garden. 

 If left to it blackberries and red raspberries 

 will sucker and make a hedge the width of 

 which only your hoe will limit. But your 

 wisest plan is to cut off all suckers and keep 

 the old plants "single," which means to 

 keep the one set of roots throwing up its 

 bunch of canes from a single crown. Of 

 course each year you will renew the tops of 

 the plants by cutting out the canes that 

 have borne fruit as soon as this fruit is off. 

 The surplus young canes also some out. In 

 this way a blackberry planting ought to be 

 good for twenty-five years of heavy bearing, 

 and raspberry plantings for five or six 

 years. 



The accompanying lists of varieties are 

 made simple and plain because not many 

 considerations beyond quality and hardi- 

 ness enter into the selection of varieties for 

 your home garden. The quality item has 

 been taken care of by eliminating from the 

 list those kinds not suitable for garden pur- 

 poses. Hardiness is indicated in the proper 

 column. Climate seems to have an im- 

 portant influence on the success of some 

 varieties, or at least some sorts are planted 

 most largely and are valued most highly 

 in certain particular sections. To cover 

 this feature there is a word or two in the 

 remarks column. 



Since plantings of bramble berries last 

 for years, the ground should be prepared 

 with all due care before the plants are set. 



Put them out in the spring, and give con- 

 tinual cultivation till the time for mulching, 

 which in my garden is the period each 

 season from August till April. Get your 

 plants from reliable nurserymen. Plants 

 for expansion of your garden later on may 

 be got by suckers and rooted tips from the 

 original plants if you are willing to study 

 how to grow them and go to considerable 

 trouble in the effort. 



Bramble Varieties for Home Gardens 





DEWBERRIES 



' 



Austin 





Lucretia 





BLACKBERRIES 



Name 



Hardiness 



Remarks 



Ward 



Fairly 



Best in New Jersey 



Early Harvest 



In Maryland 



Fine South 



Ancient Briton 



Entirely 



Good North 



Rathbun 



Fairly 



Good South 



Eldorado 



Entirely 



High quality 



Minnewaska 



In Maryland 



Rich flavor 



Blowers 



In Maryland 



Large and good 



Taylor 



Entirely 



High quality 



Mersereau 



Most hardy 



High quality 





RASPBERRIES 



Black: 







Cumberland 



Entirely 



Best yielder 



Black Diamond 



Entirely 



High quality 



Kansas 



Entirely 



Good for canning 



Plum Farmer 



Entirely 



And drying 



Red: 







Turner 



Fairly 



High quality- 



Cuthbert 



Entirely 



Fair quality 



Clark 



Fairly 



High quality 



St. Regis 



Entirely 



"Everbearing" 



Ruby 



Fairly 



For canning 



Purple: 







Schaffer 



Entirely 



Highest quality 



Columbian 



Entirely 



For canning 



Cardinal 



Fairly 



Rich flavored 



Yellow: 







Golden Queen 



Entirely 



Rich and good 



ti 



Hurry-up" Devices for the Gardener with no 



GreenhoUSe— By Ethel Anson S. Peckham, vo7 k 



HANDY SCHEMES TO GET PROTECTION AGAINST EARLY FROSTS 

 AND SHELTER TENDER PLANTS WHEN FIRST SET OUT 



INNUMERABLE people spend many, 

 many hours looking at seed catalogues, 

 The Garden Magazine and such like, 

 and in the course of their page-turning, 

 surely their eyes must encounter some of 

 the very alluring advertisements of new 

 devices for the raising of earlier and better 

 crops. But what a small percentage of 

 these would-be-good-gardeners ever bother 

 themselves to try the new things! Either 

 they have a "hired man" so "sot in his 

 ways" that they "can't get him to try any- 

 thing new" or else they begrudge the ex- 

 pense, or perhaps, they are just lazy. The 

 really good professional gardener is inter- 

 ested from the first and wants the new 

 apparatus, but often his employer hates 

 to spend the necessary money. So it is 

 left for the professional gardener with an 

 enthusiastic employer and the enthused 

 amateur to wet their feet, as it were. Then 

 there are many handy small aids one gets up 



oneself, that, if others knew of them, would 

 be of great benefit. It seems only fair and 



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Cheese cloth and lath screens used to protect tender plants 

 when first set out helps them wonderfully 



right that all of us gardeners, amateur and 

 professional, should do our level best to 

 spread abroad our experiences. This is 

 why the Garden Clubs are of real value. 

 But this is not to be a dissertation upon 

 Garden Clubs ; but a few words about cheese 

 cloth, cloches and such like. 



My ambition, ever since I saw the first 

 rows of cloches when as a small girl my par- 

 ents took me to France, has been to grow 

 "things" with their aid. Perhaps a word 

 here to the ignorant anent the meaning of 

 the name cloche would not be amiss. It is 

 a bell-shaped glass; hence the name, from 

 the French word for bell. 



Upon inquiring about the price of cloches 

 and how one must get them, the idea was 

 clearly out of the question for the amateur 

 gardener with little money to spend and 

 only an acre and a half of ground upon 

 which to have all her garden, flowers, vege- 

 tables and fruit. The expense of importing 



