ANTIIROPOLOGICAL RESULTS. 359 



tribes, while NEUHAUSS mentions them from the Markham-valley. Pubic shells are worn along 

 the central part of the South-coast, on English as well as on Dutch territory, generally in 

 combination with the penis-belts. The shell, worn somevvhere before the pubic région, may acci- 

 dentally cover parts of the genitals. In the Western part of the South-coast the shells make 

 place for short open bamboo tubes, worn round the pénis. On the North-coast, on both 

 sides of the Anglo-Dutch boundary (141 E. L.) and in some parts of the hinterland, small 

 gourd penis-cases are found. Hère they hâve the form of an egg or a pear and the opening 

 for putting in the pénis is found either on the top or on the side. Spécimen of the same 

 kind were seen at the upper-Mamberamo just South of the fore-said coast. In the Central 

 Mountains the long tubular penis-cases are the fashion. Moreover, spécial forms of sheaths are 

 described from the middle Kaiserin-Augusta-river and the Torricelli-Mountains and a quite 

 différent way of enveloping the pénis, namely by a bail of leaves, is seen near Mount 

 Scratchley [198]. Ail thèse observations prove that the peculiar way of covering the virile 

 member is a Papuan characteristic, though not a spécifie one. For Friederici [49] refers to 

 the Polynesian malo, the T-shaped loin-cloth that covers the folded-back pénis, but leaves the 

 scrotum free, to the penis-coverings on the New-Hebrids and to the cases on Emirau, and 

 finally reminds of the widely spread use cf penis-cases — in former times — on the South- 

 ■coast of the Caraïbic Sea in America '). In a French géographie description I saw the use 

 of bamboo penis-cases even reported from French West-Africa (J. and J. THARAUD in „La 

 Randonnée de Samba Diouf, page 104). 



The Timorini still live entirely in the stone-age. Superfluous to say that this is — or 

 at least was — a peculiarity of ail the Papuans. They do not know anything about pottery; 

 clothing is scanty, as everywhere in New-Guinea. Their women-petticoats are the fashion 

 in several parts of the island, though I never found mentioned in the literature those made 

 of free-hanging cords, as are used by the Timorini (photo 3). Yet, cords are employed only in 

 a slightly différent way by the Jabi-women on the South-coast of the Geelvink-Bay. Grass- 

 or fibral petticoats are signalled from the upper-Mamberamo (Idenburg-river), the Bird's Head, 

 the South-coast, the Kaiserin-Augusta River and several parts of the British territory. The 

 netting-industry is common in Swart-valley as everywhere in New-Guinea; it takes the place 

 of the art of weaving and perhaps even of that of preparing tree-bark, as seemed to be the 

 case with our Timorini. Knitted bags of ail sizes form one of the most common articles of 

 the Papuan outfit; also in this respect our new friends showed nothing particular. 



The method of fire-making — by rapidly rubbing a rattan string on a split pièce of 

 wood with some dry material in the chink — is also reported from several other parts of 

 New-Guinea (Ray-coast, Poum, Koiari, Kiwai, Tapiro, etc.); Beaver mentions it as spread ail 

 over New-Guinea, as does also CHALMERS for the British part. After CHALMERS, SEMPER a. o. it 

 occurs also outside New-Guinea among the Semang, the Dyak, the Aeta, and on the Pacific 

 Islands. The Timorini wear the rattan string in the form of a bracelet round the arm ; the 

 same bracelet was found among several other tribes (Sko-coast, Hupe, a. o.). 



What is said about dress and other implements may also be applied to many other 

 things of the cultural possessions of the Timorini. Seeds, leaves, birds' claws, cuscus-skin, 



1) A very good article on the significance of penis-sheHs, -belts, and -cases is written by G. P. Rouffaer [241]. 



