ANTHROPOLOGICALRESULTS. 383 



on the masticatory surface an extra set of little knots. Evidently the apparent second molar 

 was on both sides (in the upper as well as in the lower jaw) the tooth of wisdom. 



Procheily is plainly présent;- sometimes rather strongly, but mostly to a môderate 

 degree. The lips are fui], though seldom excessively protruding. Prognathy is not strongly marked. 



The ear showed the following peculiarities. i° In two thirds of the cases a Darwin's 

 tuberculum was found (varying from n° 1 to 5); 2° I was often struck by a sometimes parti- 

 ally rolled up, sometimes even flat edge (hélix); 3 the lobe of the ear was in 40% (on 34 

 objects) small or missing. So I got the impression that 1 dealt with a rather primitive ear. 

 It must be said however that the frequently occurring mutilation of the ear, consisting in 

 cutting off the edge in the région of the Darwin's tuberculum, opposed greatly to a right 

 appréciation, so that the two first observations are partly founded on estimate. 



The following may be said of the face of 13 women, examinée! in thèse respects. The 

 noses were, contrary to what we saw among the men, oftener concave than straight and only 

 once convex. The root was a little less deep, the back shorter, but the nostrils certainly not 

 broader than those of the men. Consequently the nasal index was somewhat higher, though 

 the noses of the women made a less coarse impression because of the finer tip. 



The procheily seemed to be a little stronger, but the lips were not thicker. 



The primitive ear-shape appeared still more fréquent among the women than it was 

 observed among the men. This observation is quite in harmony with the fact that in gênerai 

 women are nearer to the primitive type than men. 



Finally a single word about the Mamberamo-Papuans. Among those the root of the nose 

 was considerably less deep than among the mountain-people, while the longer nose-back brought 

 them, in spite of the broad nostrils, on the verge of mesorrhiny. The profile was mostly 

 straight, however photo 19 shows a pair of perfect Semitic convex noses. Procheily was 

 also found among them, but the lips were generally thinner. The ears hâve not sufHciently 

 been studied to draw any conclusions. 



TRUNK AND LIMBS. 



After the description of the head we pass to the measurements of trunk and limbs. 

 Hère the coast-Papuans are left out, as only their heads hâve been measured. 



The diagrams XX, XXI and XXII speak for themselves. It is worth mentioning that 

 the Dyak are lower-shouldered and still more lower-hipped than the Timorini (Rel. acrom. 

 height Timorini 83,2, Dyak 82,2; rel. spin. height Timorini 55,3, Dyak 54,1), evidently in 

 conséquence of the bigger head and the somewhat longer trunk. On the contrary the distance 

 from the top of the middlefinger to the ground is markedly higher (Rel. height of middle- 

 finger Timorini 36,3, Dyak 37,2). And so the diagrams agrée on the fact that the Dyak 

 are a short-set people with relatively short arms and legs, while our little Papuans are of a 

 more slender structure. 



The relative leg- and arm-length (Diagr. XXIII) ') of the Timorini average 52,6 and 

 46,9 and that of the Dyak only 51,5 and 45. The Mamberamo-Papuans are standing on the 

 side of their mountain-comrades, their- legs are even relatively longer. 



1) Diagr. XXI is at the same time that of the leg-length; only the measures must be diminished by 4 units,- 

 accord'mg to the usual interprétation. ... - 



