400 H. J. T. BIJLMER 



former are the smallest and the latter nearly the tallest of the red group. In the same way 

 the figure 149,2 for 12 Goliath-pigmies (DE KOCK.) is markedly enfeebled by the figures 

 152,4 for 52 Pesegem (van DEN BROEK) and 154,7 for my 64 Timorini who are living in 

 neighbouring régions and hâve moreover a similar appearance. I indicated already the same 

 for the investigations of Wollaston. 



My second conclusion is : In New-Guinea it is not rare to meet with statures below 

 150 cm.; but though they lead in exceptional cases to a dvvarfish mean, a properly dwarfish 

 species is not yet found on that island and is not likely to be found there either. It seems 

 to me that there exists a "stratum" of old date, swinging round an average standing-height 

 of 153 cm., with individual and circumstantial variations dovvn to below 150 cm. and up to 

 155 cm. To identify this stratum with the Negritoes as Meyer did for his Geelvink-Bay- 

 Papuans, is not so foolish ; and I think it highly probable that it is, at ail events, Négritie 

 blood that accounts for many of their qualities, as I hope to expose in the fourth chapter. 



Let us now hâve a look at the tribes indicated on the map in yellow. We find them 

 especially on the North-coast and in the Eastern peninsula. In many tribes with Papuan 

 character there appears to be a prédilection to an average standing-height of 158 — 159 cm. 

 So the population of the North-coast, visited by SCHLAGINHAUFEN [186] measured 158,4 cm. 

 (20 Leitere-Papuans), 160 cm. (20 Arups) and 158,2 cm. (100 Jakumul), while the Sentani-lake 

 people just behind the coast at a longitude of 140 , measured by VAN DER SANDE [176], 

 were 159,7 cm. an d the Bongko coast-Papuans I saw, were certainly not over 160 cm. The 

 tribes in the mountains behind the Papuo-Melanesian Roro and Motu of the South-East 

 peninsula are showing also a similar bodily length: 10 Koiari 158,2 cm. and 29 Mekeo 158,5 cm. 

 (SELIGMANN), while the same author gives 158,4 cm. for 8 Keveri-men in the hinterland ot 

 Cloudy-Bay. The lengths over 160 cm. are more localized on the South-coast and occur partly 

 in Gulf-Papuans (Purari-men 160 cm., Daudai-Papuans 161,6 cm.), partly in the mixed Papuo- 

 Melanesians (Roro 161,7 cm. > Motu 161 cm.; Garia 160,3 cm.) However, the Jabim on the 

 coast of Finschharbour-peninsula also average 160,6 cm. and 20 Trobriand-islanders 160,9 cm., 

 so that we may certainly not speak of an outspoken limit. 



Finally we hâve to consider the blue spots on our map. They hâve their dominion 

 along the South-coast. The fact that the Papuo-Melanesian tribes in Pokao and the Hood- 

 peninsula hâve an average standing-height of respectively 167,9 cm - an d 166,4 cm., an d the 

 Papuan Gulf-tribes on the Purari-river and in Daudai one of 160 cm. and 161,6 cm., reminds 

 us of the difficulty in tracing limits quite exactly. The Papuan tribe of the Binandere on the 

 North-East coast is showing the height of the Gulf-men. KOCH stated that on the Dutch 

 South-coast the standing-height is decreasing to the West, which is illustrated by the figures. 

 Malay intermixture can only be admitted as far as the Otakwa [i7«], a little river somewhat 

 eastward of 135 longitude. 



On the North-coast the Humboldt-Bay-people (M. 163,3 cm -> VAN DER SANDE) and my 

 Mamberamo-Papuans (M. 162,5 cm.), may be interposed between the yellow and the blue group. 



Though there is no outspoken séparation between tall- and medium-sized tribes, it 

 seems évident to me, that especially on the South-coast, from Etna-Bay to the Papuo- 

 Melanesian zone, there is an over middle-statured Papuan stratum with its centre on the 

 Torresstrait-coast and surpassing 170 cm. in many individuals. And as I met myself with 



