402 H. J. T. BIJLMER 



some of thèse big, muscular, fierce-looking Papuans on the Mamberamo, and found vvith them 

 some ethnological peculiarities in coramon with the Merauke-men, I think this stratum not 

 limited to the South alone. And so I corne to my third conclusion : the Papuan is in many, 

 if not in most cases, a man below the médium height, averaging 160 cm. or thereabouts. 

 Moreover there is next to this medium-sized an essentially small as well as an essentially 

 tall élément, both with a certain focus, but diverging in ail directions. 



In diagram XXV are given the frequency-curves of the stand. -height of some tribes, 

 belonging to différent Papuan groups and moreover those of the Negritoes of the Philippines [REED] 

 and those of the Andamanese [man]. The 41 Negrito-males (those under 18 years old are eliminated) 

 and the 48 Andamanese fall into the lowest portion of the short-statured Papuans. Only a 

 small number of the individuals of thèse tvvo tribes as well as of the dwarfish Tapiro, are 

 above 155 cm. With the Torricelli-men matters are becoming différent — though there is 

 much conformity with the Andamanese — and Pesegem, Kai and Timorini are already showing 

 a well-filled portion between 155 and 160 cm.; moreover a tendency to a double-top is 

 slightly marked in the Pesegem as well as in the Timorini. The curves of the Mafulu and 

 the Poum hâve lost the lower end. Of the yellow group the Jabim, Jakumul, Leitere and 

 Arup are pointed out. Their curves are arranged more to the right; 160 — 165 is filled up. 

 The tall-statured tribes are figuring still more to the right ; they hâve nearly lost the end 

 below 160 and go up to 180. They hâve nothing in common with the low-statured group. 

 One would expect, that at least the 100 Jakumul would hâve shown a saddle between two 

 tops, according to the optima of the red and the blue divisions, but there is nothing of the 

 kind. And so we hâve to resign to the fact that the curves do not tell anything else than 

 the existence of ail sizes in the Papuan race, which are gradually gliding in eachother. 



Inspecting diagr. XXVI concerning the stand-height of the women, we may state that 

 our Timorini-curve is showing some resemblance — viz. the same Mode — with that of the 

 Andamanese, which in its turn shows no fundamental différence with that of the Negritoes. 



SKIN. 



Though the inhabitants of New-Guinea, like those of Melanesia in gênerai, must be 

 called dark in contrast with the brown Indonesians in the West and the fair-brown Polynesians 

 in the East, more accurate inspection revealed a good deal of variation in colour, tending to 

 the lighter shades. In 1874 A. B. MEYER referred already to the fact that not seldom a 

 dressed pure Papuan of the Geelvink-Bay could scarcely be distinguished from a Malay. 

 SCHELLONG [184] says about the Jabim (Finschharbour-peninsula) that they hâve the ordinary 

 colour of the Melanesians : chocolate-brown in several shades, and FRIEDERICI [49] states that 

 the Melanesian skin varies in colour from a lighter brown to the black of the Buka on 

 Bougainville. This black colour however seems absent in New-Guinea. When I, going home, 

 saw some negro-coolies on the coast of the Red Sea, I understood, how far my Papuans were 

 from being really black, and I can quite vividly imagine how HaGEN [61], comparing the 

 colour of the Papuans with that of a negro-workmaster, exclaimed : "Mr. JORIS war mindestens 

 doppelt so schwarz". 



Studying the literature on the subject, my attention was called to the fact that the 



