ANTHROFOLOGICAL RESULTS. 41 I 



number of objects might as well be accidentai, is not a sufficient motive to classify them in 

 another group of headform. The Poum whose figures only corne from 10 persons, distinguish 

 themselves from the other short-statured tribes by their smaller head : length and breadth 

 hâve decreased in the same degree ; the index is therefore quite the same as that of the 

 Torricelli-Papuans. Strongly discordant however is the headlength of the Pesegem. The 

 différence of about 1 cm. with the for the rest similar Timorini affects so strangely that I 

 dare say that this discongruence must be due to accidentai circumstances (method ofmeasuring ?) 

 This opinion will be more comprehensable after examination of their face-measurements 

 (see p. 421). 



The Jakumul occupy a very spécial place. With the same relative headlength, they 

 show a much smaller headbreadth than the mountaineers. Even in its absolute value the 

 latter is smaller than that of the just mentioned members of the race. 



Considering the lower part of the list, we are affected in the first place by the relation : 

 the greater the stature, the smaller the head. Both the relat. head-measurements, though the 

 length more regularly than the breadth, are decreasing from the top to the bottom of the list. 

 The row is closed by the more than 170 cm. measuring Toaripi. In stead of a headlength of 

 about 205 mm. and a headbreadth of about 160 mm. that would suit them in comparison 

 with the nearly 2 dm. smaller Torricelli-Papuans, they hâve 188,4 nim. and 146,9 mm., thus 

 scarcely more than our Timorini ! Peculiar enough, their Ind. ceph. 78 equals that of the 

 mountain-tribes. We see that the tail-statured men surpass but little the Timorini in absolute 

 headlength and that, as for the absolute headbreadth, the majority is even behind them. 

 Thus, next to their small-headedness we mark a tendency towards narrow-headedness. It is 

 the latter that, most pronounced in the Merauke-men, endovv them with the tendency to 

 dolichocephaly. 



The Kiwai-men are standing totally isolated. The shortness of their head that is more- 

 over the least narrow of the tall-statured tribes, make them brachycephalic. But their relative 

 short-headedness is just contrary to the broad-headedness of the Negritoes, with whom they 

 hâve in common their cephalic index! 



It deserves attention that there is no striking resemblance between the three depicted 

 dolichocephalic tribes. (Jakumul, Bongko-Papuans, Merauke-Papuans). 



Between short- and tall-statured tribes there are besides the Jakumul, the Leitere- 

 Papuans, the Bongko-Papuans, the Arup and the Jabim. They form a graduai transition. The 

 Bongko-Papuans are showing the narrowness of the skull in a still higher degree than the 

 Jakumul. Van den Broek calculated the average length of the maie skulls of Diagr. XXX 

 on nearly 179 mm. and their breadth on about 127 mm. [14], the corresponding head-measures 

 186 and 134 (see MARTIN, page 417) appear to be of the same sort as those of my coast- 

 Papuans (189,1 mm. and 136,2 mm.), though somewhat smaller. 



Finally it must be stated that it is not surprising that tall men hâve comparatively 

 smaller heads than short men, though we cannot expect a différence as great as ours. In oui- 

 case, it is clear from the absolute values that the small skull is an essential quality of the 

 taller coast-tribes. According to this we not seldom find the Papuans denoted as microce- 

 phalic. In this connection I will give some values concerning the capacity, found in the 

 literature. 



Nova-Guinea Vil. 4. Ethnographie. 52 



