424 H - J- T - BIJLMER 



form are therefore still two of our best characteristics. And next to those the form of the 

 nose and the face seems to me most typifying. Alas, this can only insufficiently be expressed 

 in the concerning indices. A Jew can be distinguished with astonishing certainty; he may 

 be tall or short, white- or bronze-skinned, fair-, black-, straight- or curly-haired. Undoubtedly 

 the nose is often typical enough, but its peculiar shape is not always expressed by our index 

 nasalis, for there are Jews with long and sharp, as well as with broad and coarse noses. 

 Their index cephalicus is not likely to influence our impression, and I think that ail the 

 other indices will corne of badly too. But there is something, not only in the morphological 

 features but also in the mimic functions of the face that effects the right qualification. How- 

 ever,,in primitive races the morphological qualifies are showing more uniformity indeed and 

 the striking différence between the Timorini and the Dyak — apart from colour and hair — 

 was quite well covered by our measurements. 



May thèse observations serve, not to plead against anthropometry, but to warn of 

 the numerous pitfalls that are found on its way, and the over-estimation of its capacity ! 



CHAPTER III. 



THE PAPUAN RACE. 



After the description of the visited Papuan tribes and the comparison of them with 

 the other inhabitants of New-Guinea, one feels inclined to put forward the following question. 

 What is the relation between the inhabitants of New-Guinea and the neighbouring races ? 

 As the Dutch explorer who bas been living for years in the Dutch-Indies, has been strongly 

 struck by the total absence of the Malay élément, he asks, in what direction this non-Mongolie 

 race of New-Guinea may hâve its affinities. There is scarcely any doubt about its being the 

 resuit of cross-breeding: the extraordinary variations in length, and the important différences 

 in the shape of nose and face as well as in the cephalic indices, though without supplying 

 sufïïcient cause for a division in two races inside the coasts of New-Guinea, point strongly 

 to this fact. In tracing the composing éléments of this mixture, one is forced to bend one's 

 looks to the Pacific archipelagoes, Australia, Tasmania, and last not least to the famous 

 Negritoes of Eastern Asia and its neighbouring islands. It is obvious that there must exist a 

 narrovv relationship with the lattér. But on the other hand the lank-hairedness of the Australians 

 cannot prevent us from bringing them in connection with at least the great dolichocephalic 

 Papuans. Via Australia our thoughts wander to the British-Indies. In looking Eastward into 

 the Pacific Océan, the Polynesians too lead us back to the West, to the Eastern limit of the 

 Caucasian race, from where they are supposed to hâve started on their wanderings. This 

 serves quite well our purpose, for in the Caucasians might be found the origin of the Semitic 

 noses and the "European-looking pleasant features", that are sure to descend neither from 

 the Melanoderm, nor from the Xanthoderm main-race. 



