144 CRETACEOUS AND TERTIARY FISH. 



SphagepcEa aciculata Cope. 



Sphagepcea aciculata Cope, Proc. Amer. Philos. Phila., XI, 1869, p. 241. 

 Cretaceous Greensand of the upper bed, Birmingham, N. J. 

 Cope, Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., II, 1875, P- 2 93- (Birmingham, N. J. 



Greensand No. 5.) 

 Hussakof, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XXV, 1908, p. 50, fig. 22 (type). 



Spine much compressed in general form, but section of eden- 

 tulous portion broad as deep. Sides with two elevated ridges, an- 

 terior only continued to near tip, gradually broken into series of 

 tubercles near base. Length about 140 mm. (From Cope.) 



Cope says this spine may be referred to either a pycnodont, 

 chimseroid or possibly even a plectognath fish. He also adds it 

 resembles the spine of Microdon nuchalis figured by Dixon. 



Fig. 89. — Sphagepcea aciculata Cope. (Type, ^ size, from Hussakof.) 



Formation and locality. Known only from the type which 

 Cope says was discovered in the Cretaceous greensand of the 

 upper bed at the pits of the Pemberton Marl Company, Birming- 

 ham, in Burlington county (T. Kite). Hussakof, however, gives 

 the locality as Hornerstown. [In either event it seems referable 

 to the Hornerstown marl, K.]. 



Sub-Class ACTINOPTERI. 



THE TRUE FISHES. 



Membrane head bones, as opercle, preopercle, etc., developed. 

 Skeleton sometimes cartilaginous, usually bony. Skull with 

 sutures. Lungs imperfectly developed, or degraded to form 

 swim-vessel, or entirely absent. Heart developed, divided into 

 an auricle, ventricle and arterial bulb. Gills with their outer 



