218 THE ‘GARIDIE IN eM AGAZMING 
After the flowering period the cones soon 
grow full size, three by five inches, and at 
maturity the large scarlet seeds gradually 
part from cones and remain suspended for 
a week or more by tiny filaments. 
There are several forms cultivated in 
European nurseries and also in a few South- 
ern nurseries. As these are usually grafted 
and grown in pots or tubs and seldom reach a 
very great height, they are therefore very 
desirable for wintering in conservatories 
in sec‘ions where the tree requires protection. 
The largest flowered form is var. gloriosa 
with flowers measuring sometimes fourteen 
inches in diameter when stretched to their 
full extent. This plant has large and heavy 
foliage, is very floriferous and plants only 
three feet high often produce flowers. 
Oxoniensis, Gallissonniere, Preecox, Double 
Nantais, are all improved forms of more or 
less dwarf habit that sometimes bloom the 
second or third year from the graft. 
The northernmost place where the Mag- 
nolia grandiflora can be grown successfully 
is Washington, D. C. A few isolated trees 
may be found in unusually favorable situa- 
tions as far as Philadelphia, but there they 
struggle for their life. 
The odor of the flowers is pleasant, and 
not foetid as stated by some authors. The 
magnolia is a voracious feeder, its roots 
extending to great distances, and therefore 
should be liberally fertilized with stable 
manure, especially when grown in tubs. 
The swamp bay, Magnolia glauca, is a 
very desirable tree that attains fifty to 
seventy-five feet. It is found in great 
abundance in low or swampy woods in the 
South where it retains its glossy green foliage 
permanently, but it becomes shrubby and 
more or less deciduous northward until in the 
latitude of New Jersey it is entirely without 
May, 1908 
Sweet bay ( Magnolia glauca ) flourishes farther North than the large-flowered bay but becomes a deciduous 
shrub in New Jersey 
its foliage during winter. In May and June 
its relatively small white flowers, two or three 
inches across, emit a delightful fragrance. 
Young plants of healthy growth collected 
from the woods transplant with less loss 
than larger sizes, but in every instance 
the leaves must be removed and branches 
well shortened in. Rich, moist soil is 
necessary; many failures have resulted from 
transplanting this beautiful tree to unsuit- 
able soil. JI lately saw several trees of 
this variety growing in a very low and 
Magnolia grandifiora. the most beautiful evergreen flowering tree of the South, is frequently cut for Christ- 
mas decorations. It becomes deciduous in the North and grows with difficulty at New York 
rich bottom land that measured fifty feet 
in height and more than eighteen inches in 
diameter of body. They were of very 
straight growth. 
Next in importance to Magnolia grandi- 
flora, and equally as beautiful but of an 
entirely different character, is the live cak 
(Quercus virens or Virginiana), whose 
habitat is confined to the lower districts of 
Virginia and to Florida. The early English 
Colonists fully appreciated its value as a 
shade tree, evidences of which are found 
in the cld estates of the lower South. 
Many of these early plantings have attained 
gigantic proportions. ‘Their height is seldom 
greater than sixty to seventy feet, but the 
branches attain an enormous spread so that 
this tree is classed among the largest of 
our native forest trees. In the low country, 
trees are often literally covered with Spanish 
moss (Tiallandsia usneoides) whose pendent 
habit and hoary gray color convey a most 
funereal aspect. Northern tourists who have 
visited the cemetery of Bonaventure near 
Savannah are often impressed with the 
weird feature which these moss covered trees 
lend to that place. Small trees transplant 
fairly well whenever taken from the woods 
providing the leaves are removed. 
Another very handsome evergreen ocak 
which has lately been introduced from 
Japan and which bids fair to become a very 
valuable addition to the limited number of 
our evergreen trees is Quercus vulgaris, 
better known as Q. acuta, with long oblong 
lanceolate leaves of glaucous hue and 
lighter green beneath. Whether or not this 
will be hardy north of Washington I have 
no knowledge; but wherever it is suitable 
it will surely be a handsome tree. 
The Spanish cork oak (Quercus Suber) 
is now occasionally found South. In 1858 
the United States Government distributed 
