Spray Mixture on a One Gallon Basis 



BECAUSE the grower does not know 

 how to mix his spray materials in small 

 quantities spraying is often neglected 

 and a crop practically lost. Most of 

 the formulas are given for 50 gallons or more 

 of material, and it is a problem (in some cases) to 

 know just the'proper proportion of each ingredient 

 when making only two, three or five gallons of 

 spray. The following formulas have been worked 

 out in terms of handy everyday utensils. 



GENERAL MIXTURE for fungous troubles 

 (Bordeaux): 



Stone lime \\ tablepoonfuls 



Copper sulphate I tablespoonful 



Water I gallon 



Dissolve the copper sulphate in half the water, 

 and add the other half to the lime (after slacking) 

 and pour the two solutions together. 



WINTER SPRAY both as fungicide and insec- 

 ticide (Lime-sulphur): 



Where desired in small quantities the commer- 

 cial mixture is recommended. Dilute according 

 to directions, about 1 to 20 for winter spraying 

 and 1 to 40 when the tree or shrub is in leaf. 



For PO TA TO BEE TLES and all chewing insects 

 (Arsenate of lead) : 



Lead arsenate (paste) I tablespoonful 



Water I gallon 



or 



Lead arsenate (powdered) ....... \ tablespoonful 



Water . I gallon 



This material is largely displacing paris green 

 as an insecticide because of its better sticking 

 qualities and the ability to see it on the foliage. 



For CHEWING INSECTS when lead arsenate is 

 not available (Paris green): 



Paris Green I teaspoonful 



Stone lime • 3 teaspoonfuls 



Water 3 gallons 



F. W. ALLEN p w ^ an 



:-ia.'' 



For WORMS on gooseberries and currants when 

 the fruit is nearly ripe (Hellebore) : 



As a dust spray use undiluted or mixed with 

 equal parts of flour or fine dust. In solution use 

 1 ounce to i gallon of water. 



For CUTWORMS (Poison mash): 



Bran 1 quart 



Strong molasses 1 tablespoonful 



Paris Green 1 teaspoonful 



Water 1 cup 



Apply around cabbage, tomatoes and other 

 young plants in the early spring. 



For SUCKING INSECTS such as the various 

 forms of aphis and plant lice (Tobacco spray) : 



Tobacco leaves or stems . . 1 lb. 



Water 4 gallons 



Steep and apply immediately. 



Nicotine sulphate, in commercial forms known 

 as "Black-Leaf 40" can be purchased in small 

 quantities and is more largely used than the home 

 made "tea." Dilute each part of the solution 

 with 1000 parts of water or about 1 fluid ounce 

 to 8 gallons. About i| ounces of soap should be 

 added to each gallon of the dilute mixture. 



For SOFT BODIED INSECTS' such as aphis, 

 cabbage worms, etc. (Kerosene emulsion) : 



Kerosene (Coal oil) i pint 



Soap £ ounce 



Water i quart 



After dissolving the soap in the water and 

 emulsifying add an additional 6 quarts of water. 



Winter spray against SCALE insects (Miscible 

 oils) : 



Dilute the commercial brands with about 15 

 parts of water. For delicate plants or thin 

 barked trees, or at seasons other than winter, use 

 twice as much water. 



For POTATO SCAB (Formalin solution): 



Formalin \ pint 



Water y| gallon 



Two hours before planting soak the seed. 



For PO TA TO SCAB and rhizoctonia (Corrosive 

 sublimate): 



Mercury bichloride (Corrosive sublimate) i ounce 



Water 7 J gallons 



This mixture is extremely poisonous and 

 should be handled accordingly. 



For MILDEW on flowers and fruits (Potassium 

 sulphide, Liver of sulphur): 



Potassium sulphide 2 ounces 



Water 5 gallons 



''KNOCK-OUT DROPS" for all insects (Py- 

 rethrum, or Persian insect powder): 



As a dust spray use undiluted. 



In solution — i ounce to i gallon. Never 

 purchase unless guaranteed fresh. 



"C*OR the average home garden a useful outfit is 

 *■ a small bucket spray pump or a 3 or 4 gallon 

 automatic pump with a short hose attachment. 

 This equipment is easily carried about and .a few 

 strokes of the handle or air pump will put the 

 liquid under sufficient pressure to discharge as 

 a fine spray for several minutes without additional 

 pumping. The spray nozzle also has a cut-off* 

 attachment which is very convenient. Another 

 handy invention is a holder that is attached to the 

 regular hose, behind the nozzle, and into which 

 specially prepared spray "cartridges" are inserted, 

 the contents being washed out in solution by the 

 necessary flow of water. For spraying house plants 

 a small florist's syringe will be found very valu- 

 able, or with the weaker sprays the tops of the 

 plants may be entirely immersed. 



Joysome Gardens for Schools 



FRANCES DUNCAN 

 The Playhouse Idea In School Gardening 



TF CHILDREN are to go a-gardening with zest, 

 they should have the joy that every home gar- 

 dener has, of planting and working with the 

 encouragement and company of golden budding 

 Forsythia branches, of fragrant Narcissus and 

 Daffodils in the flower-border.justover the way, of 

 young Cherry trees in dazzling blossom. Why 

 have we so little enterprise that we only afford for 

 the scene of our school gardens the bare, un- 

 adorned spots and insist that the children wait 

 until seeds of their own planting come up before 

 seeing any sign of a garden ? 



There is no reason in the world why the 

 school garden should not be a definitely in- 

 tegral part of the school grounds, nor why it 

 should always be a thing of a few very transient 

 crops. If we expect the children to love the gar- 

 den, it would be well to provide them with some- 

 thing more permanent to hang their affections on 

 than corn and beans and radishes and lettuce — 

 excellent as these vegetables are. 



A very delightful use, or modification, of some 

 of the Park space that last summer was given 

 over for the first time to children's gardens, 

 would be to make it of permanent interest as 

 a model school garden. Especially fascinating 

 to city children would it be, if instead of the usual 

 uniform plots, the whole were laid out as a tiny 



estate — quite complete, with orchard, fields, 

 kitchen-garden, flower garden, wood-lot and 

 pasture, but all in miniature. The tool house 

 could be made like a tiny farmhouse, and its 

 setting of a small garden would give the children 

 a chance to see how lovely such a place might be; 

 it would also give them a very good idea of how a 

 small place might be laid out to the very best 

 advantage, where, in relation to the house, is the 

 best place for cold-frames, where a small lean-to 

 greenhouse might be put, what would be the best 

 place for a vegetable garden, what to plant on the 

 "shady side," what for the north side, how to 

 plan for a delightful admixture of flowers and 

 vegetables. The bulbs which they planted in the 

 autumn close to the path at the foot of Lilac or 

 Forsythia bushes, would be eagerly watched for 

 in the spring. 



Such a type of model garden would relate it to 

 the child's own home, would give the boy and girl, 

 especially the city-bred boy and girl and the 

 children of the tenement, a very clear idea of what 

 a home in the country might be like; of the orderly 

 sequence of seasonal work which makes up gar- 

 dening and has much to do with its endless fas- 

 cination — not the growing of a few crops, while 

 the rest of the year is a blank. 



Such a garden would also afford scope for 



232 



widely varied forms of childish workmanship.. 

 An especially well made garden-bench done in the 

 manual training class might go in the school gar- 

 den, likewise a bird-bath, or bird-houses; there 

 would be a chance for lattice-work as support 

 for the vines grown against the little house, and 

 for a rough trellis or arbor for grapes. The or- 

 chard would be set in proper relation to the house, 

 it would be of dwarf trees, just right for little folks 

 yet it would afford an opportunity for the older 

 children and better gardeners to learn pruning 

 and the care of fruit trees. 



And with this bringing of the real country, 

 even in a tiny reproduction, to the city, the 

 tenement child would feel the lure of the country, . 

 get an idea of the joyousness and charm that 

 there would be for him, or for any one, of a home 

 in the country. Best of all, such a form of model 

 garden would give him a fairly intelligent idea of 

 how the thing is done. 



I venture to say too that few sections of the 

 Park would have more visitors, and that many a 

 tired and anxious father or mother, brought 

 thither by Jimmy or Mary'would find here the 

 solution of their struggle with the high cost of liv- 

 ing, and of the great problems of home and child 

 rearing. As we now teach it, school gardening 

 does nothing of this — but it might! 





