[22 
occur in the cemetery. Its altitude is 540 feet (164-6 m.) 
above the city datum, or 564 feet (171-9 m.) above tide. 
The park ranger’s house stands on the rim of a wide 
swampy hollow or cove whose floor is a little below 570 
feet (173:7 m.). Across the mouth of this cove just 
north of the park slide is a low, spit-like ridge of gravel. 
More distinct spits occur at slightly lower levels southwest 
of the park slide near the southeast corner of the race 
track. These appear to have been formed by waves 
beating around the exposed southeast corner of the island, 
and trailing beach material into the sheltered cove behind it. 
According to Mr. Ardley, curator of the Peter Redpath 
Museum, Sir William Dawson’s highest shell locality is 
here, at the point where the park ranger’s ditch crosses the 
gravel spit. The altitude is 568 feet (173-1 m.). 
THE UPPER MARINE LIMIT AT COVEY HILL 
AND VICINITY. 
By J. W. GoLpTHwalITtT. 
Covey hill lies 35 miles (56-3 km.) south of Montreal, 
and only one mile (1-6 km.) north of the New York bound- 
ary. It is the northeasternmost hill of the upland of 
sandstone which flanks the Adirondack mountains of 
northern New York. Southeast of it is the great lowland 
of Lake Champlain; southwest of it is the lowland of Lake 
Ontario. Northwest, north, and northeast of it is the 
great lowland of the St. Lawrence, which has already been 
described and which stretches unbroken from Covey hill 
far beyond Mount Royal 
The presence of marine shells in ine clays which cover 
these lowlands on three sides of the Adirondack foot hills 
indicates that the late Pleistocene sea extended around it 
in Vermont and New York. Distinct beaches on the slopes 
of these foothills mark the old shore lines of this sea. The 
beaches occur, not only at altitudes close to those of local- 
ities where shells have been discovered, but at higher 
altitudes; indeed there seems to be a development of 
beaches wherever conditions of exposure, slope, and beach 
material were favorable, up to 525 feet (160 m.). Shells, 
however, are almost unknown above 300 feet (91-4 m.). 
