160 
anticline which is broken by two or three small faults. 
Standing at the small stairway near the middle of the bridge 
and facing down stream, the strata to the right belong to the 
Pamelia, and those to the left to the Aylmer formation. 
The small faults mentioned show a drop in each case on 
the eastern side, except in one instance on the eastern 
side of the stream, where there is a drop to the west of 
about 4 feet (1-2 m.). 
The strata of the Aylmer formation, on the western 
side of the stream, consist of sandstone and shale with 
many burrows and trails. The strata directly north of 
the principal fall also belong to the Aylmer formation, 
and contain calcareous beds with Camarotechia plena and 
other fossils. 
Across a fault to the east of these beds are dark lime- 
stone and shale with many ostracods, Helicotoma whit- 
eavesiana and Bathyurus acutus. Above these layers are 
two thick beds of sandstone, containing pelecypods, and 
then a dark, wavy bedded limestone, the same layer as is 
seen so well at Westboro. 
At the top of the hill on the road leading from 
Hogsback to the main road, is a quarry in the Black 
River limestone where a few fossils may be obtained. 
The real Utica may be seen in the bed of a small 
stream entering Rideau river at Billings Bridge. In the 
brown and black carbonaceous shales here, graptolites, 
Triarthrus spinosus and Triarthrus beckt are readily 
obtained. 
HAWTHORNE. 
Lorraine Formation.—Hawthorne is a small station on 
New York and Ottawa Railway 5 miles (8-0 km.) east of 
Ottawa. Along the brook about half a mile south of the 
station, there are several outcrops of shale with thin 
calcareous layers. Fossils are abundant, and include 
Byssonychia radiata, Catazyga erratica, and Isotelus 
Maximus. 
VARS. 
Richmond Formation.—Vars is situated on the Grand 
Trunk Railway 17 miles (27-3 km.) east of Ottawa. Many 
fossils of Richmond age may be obtained from an 
excavation in shale and limestone on a small brook a short 
distance southwest of the station. At other localities in 
this vicinity there are several outcrops of very fossiliferous 
strata of this formation. 
