288 



THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 



January, 1911 



€€ 



The Clear Track 



ff 



Two men a thousand miles apart 

 talk to each other by telephone 

 without leaving their desks. 



Two wires of copper form the 

 track over which the talk travels 

 from point to point throughout a 

 continent'. 



Moving along one railroad track 

 at the same time are scores of trains 

 carrying thousands of passengers. 

 The telephone track must be 



clear from end to end to carry the 

 voice of one customer. 



The Bell system has more than 

 ten million miles of wire and reaches 

 over five million telephones. This 

 system is operated by a force of 

 one hundred thousand people and 

 makes seven billion connections a 

 year — twenty million "clear tracks" 

 a day for the local and long dis- 

 tance communication of the Ameri- 

 can people. 



The efficiency of the 'Bell system depends upon 

 "One System, One Policy, Universal Service/* 



American Telephone and Telegraph Company 

 And Associated Companies 



Qilietf s Ferns and Flowers 



For Dark, Shady Places 



There Is no corner so shady but that certain ferns and plants will thrive 

 there. Therein no soil so light and sandy but that some of our hardy wild 

 ferns will beautify it. For 25 years we hiive been growing these hardy ferns 

 and flowers and know what is suited to each condition. We can supply 

 ferrisfor Lhedark corner by the porch, or ferns and flowers, includingour 

 native orchids, i a quantity, to make beiuilfiil country estates. Wet and 

 swamny spots, rocky hillsides, dry woods, each may be made beautiful by 

 plants especially adapted to them. Nothing adds greater charm to the 

 home grounds than clumps of thrifty ferns. We also grow the hardy 

 flowers which require open sunlight — primroses, campanulas, digitalis, 

 violets, etc. 



Write for my descriptive catalogue. It tells about thte class of plants. 



EDWARD GILLETT, Box C, Southwick.M&ss. 



/br^ the 



Establishing a Small Orchard 



AS JANUARY is generally the coldest and 

 wettest month of the year, gardening 

 operations during that time are often determined 

 more by what we can than by what we ought to 

 . do. It is preeminently the time for planting 

 deciduous fruit trees, for they thus get the benefit 

 of the winter rains and are better able to stand 

 the first dry, trying summer days. 



In the small home orchard, which alone is 

 being considered here, it is economical practice 

 to hire a rancher to deeply plough and thoroughly 

 harrow the place to be planted, and to have this 

 done before your trees arrive. When the stock 

 comes unpack at once, dig a shallow trench with 

 one sloping side, lay the trees down with the 

 roots in this and cover them with soil. This 

 heehng in will enable trees, bushes or plants to 

 remain unplanted without injury for some time. 



^Vhen quite ready to plant dig the holes, as the 

 sun will either bake the sides or the rain fill them 

 with water if this is done much beforehand. 

 Throw the top soil on one side and the sub-soil 

 on the other, and make the hole big enough to 

 hold all the roots without twisting. If the soil 

 is unsuitable either by reason of its heaviness or 

 hardpan bottom, blast a place for each tree, 

 both as an aid to drainage and to facilitate the 

 passage of future roots. This is done by boring 

 a hole in the soil with an augur, putting in a 

 half-pound stick of dynamite, attaching a fuse, 

 lighting it — and getting out of the vicinity at 

 once. 



After trimming oil any broken roots, stand the 

 tree in the hole, fill in closely with the top soil 

 and finish off with the under soil. Place no 

 manure around the roots, but put it on top where 

 its virtue will wash down to them and the straw 

 remain as a surface mulch. To compensate for 

 the loss of roots prune the tops after planting and 

 each successive winter so as to get a shapely 

 symmetrical head. 



What is true of planting fruit trees also applies 

 to ornamental trees and shrubs and to roses, all 

 of which may now be planted with advantage. 

 The fact that the whole Pacific Coast from Van- 

 couver to San Diego is very congenial to roses is 

 often made the excuse for digging a little hole, 

 stuffing a rose bush into it and expecting beautiful 

 flowers. It is true many climbers — for instance 

 such Noisettes as Lamarque, Madame Abel 

 Carriere, Reve d'Or and William Allen Richardson 

 and also Fortune's Yellow and the yellow and 

 white Banksias ■ — when once established, will 

 climb all over a cottage and give clouds of flowers 

 with practically no attention of any kind; yet 

 bush roses, which have not their vigor, will re- 

 spond to attention here as elsewhere, and top- 

 dressing with manure, pruning in winter for 

 spring bloom and in September for fall flowers 

 and a period of rest in midsummer will be followed 

 by much finer results. 



A selection of bush roses for the beginner here 

 should include the robust cherry-red Ulrich 

 Brnnner; the waxy-white but scentless Frau 

 Karl Druschki; the salmon-pink Madame Abel 

 Chatenay, than which none produces more fine 

 buds for cutting over so long a season; the low- 

 growing Cochet family in pinks and tinted whites; 

 Papa Gontier, crimson; and Marie Van Houtte, 

 creamy yellow and rose. The two latter do best 

 in California. 



The worst mistake about rose planting is the 

 promiscuous use of them on the front la\yn and 

 for divisional hedges — places where they look 



