April, 19 11 



THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 



157 



BEDS OF FLOWERS 



The costly and inartistic way is to use tender 

 plants and annuals. The economical and artistic 

 way is to use hardy plants. For centrepieces use 

 low shrubs (e. g. hydrangea, Baby Rambler rose, 

 Japanese barberry, Magnolia stellata) or perennials, 

 (e. g. peonies, bleeding heart, Miss Lingard phlox, 

 veronica, chrysanthemums), j For fillers use bulbs, 

 e. g. daffodils, tulips, lilies. See also Edging and 

 Carpeting. 



CARPET EVERY FOOT OF GROUND 



Instead of fighting weeds in your shrubberies, 

 why not plant trailers that will smother the weeds, 

 hide the dirt, and make an evergreen background 

 for flowers? The best are English ivy, trailing 

 myrtle, Pachysandra terminalis, wintergreen, part- 

 ridge berry, bearberry. Nearly evergreen are 

 Hall's honeysuckle and memorial rose. Non- 

 trailers: Yucca, hardy heaths, e. g., Calluna, Galax. 



CEMETERY 



Buy perpetual care. Mounds unnecessary and 

 expensive. Grass levels cheapest to care for. 

 Small stone markers more permanent than ivy or 

 periwinkle. Plant long-lived evergreens free from 

 troubles, e. g. Japanese yew — not showy golden 

 evergreens. Avoid cut-leaved, weeping or varie- 

 gated trees and shrubs. Plant native trees, e. g. 

 oaks, beech, hemlock. 



COOL EFFECTS FOR MID-SUMMER 



Have running water. Have plenty of greenery. 

 Have some white flowers. Use some plants with 

 gray foliage, e. g. sea buckthorn, Elaeagnus, pinks, 

 rock cress, gold-dust, woolly chickweed, lavender 

 cotton. 



DRIVES 



Border your drives with shrubs and after the 

 second year they will be cheaper than grass. When 

 the grass is dead you can get color from barberries, 

 viburnums, shrubby dogwoods, Rhodotypos, su- 

 mach, etc. 



DROUGHT RESISTERS 



Instead of spending a fortune for watering lawns 

 over gravel, or swamp-loving plants on upland, 

 use plants native to desert conditions, e. g. red 

 cedar, bayberry, pitch pine, yucca, blue wild 

 indigo, lupines, butterfly weed, stone crops, house 

 leeks. 



EDGINGS FOR FLOWER BEDS 



Instead of tender plants (e. g. alternanthera) or 

 annuals, save money by using hardy perennials, 

 e. g. goldentuft, moss pink, rock cress, bugle, 





Example of permanent "vine" for porch. — Forsy- 

 thia suspensa. Yellow flowers an inch, across 



tufted pansies, woolly chickweed, woolly yarrow, 

 Carpathian harebell, coral bells, hardy leadwort 

 or Napoleon III. pink. 



EDGING FOR LAWNS 



Avoid sharp edges of grass. They are expensive 

 to trim and even at their best are painfully neat. 

 Shrubbery is cheaper. These shrubs arch over and 

 meet the grass: Lemoine's deutzia, Japanese bar- 

 berry, Thunberg's spirea, Van Houtte's spirea, 

 Stephanandra, yellow-root. 



EVENING ATTRACTIONS 



White flowers are the only ones visible on dark 

 nights. Fragrant flowers are particularly enjoy- 

 able at night. The following are permanent and 

 have white, fragrant flowers: white lilac, Azalea 

 viscosa, sweet pepper bush, wild clematis, Clematis 

 paniculata, poet's narcissus, lily-of-the-valley. 



FRAGRANT EDGINGS 



Flowers appeal more to the imagination but last 

 only a week or two. Herbs are fragrant for seven 

 months, or whenever their foliage is brushed against. 

 Why not sow seeds or buy plants of these per- 

 manent materials for edging your garden paths? 

 Balm of Gilead, lavender cotton, lemon balm, 

 lemon thyme, lovage, mother of thyme, rosemary, 

 sage, spearmint, thyme, woodruff. 



FRAGRANT FLOWERS 



Most people rely on annuals, but labor is the 

 greatest expense in gardening. Why not save 

 labor by growing shrubs with fragrant flowers, 

 e. g. winter sweet, March honeysuckle, winter 

 jasmine, Mezereon, flowering currant, lilac, Caro- 

 lina allspice, roses of many kinds and odors, mock 

 orange, bush honeysuckles, sweet pepper bush. 

 Shrubs with fragrant foliage are bayberry, sweet 

 fern, aromatic sumach and sweet gale. 



Privet costs the least at first but the most in 

 the end because it has to be trimmed three times 

 a year. Also it winter kills inland. Japanese 

 yew and Japanese barberry need not be trimmed, 

 and are longer-lived and more beautiful. 



HILLSIDE GARDENS 



Formal terraces are expensive to mow and keep 

 in order. Instead of steep grassy banks why not 

 have low, retaining walls of rough stone, without 

 mortar, and make a series of wall gardens as the 

 English do. While laying the wall put in alpine 

 plants, e. g., wall flowers, rock cress, woolly chick- 

 weed, wall bellflower, cheddar pink, goldentuft, etc. 



NORTH SLDE OF BUILDINGS 



The costly thing is to try to maintain a flower show 

 here, but permanent foliage plants are more 

 dignified and cheaper to maintain, e. g. English 

 ivy, climbing euonymus, boxwood, Japanese yew. 

 If flowers are necessary why not rhododendrons 

 and mountain laurel rather than fuchsias or tuberous 

 begonias? 



PERGOLA 



Plant a great variety of vines — not merely one 

 kind. A Crimson Rambler pergola has a short- 

 lived and gaudy beauty. Make your pergola 

 beautiful the year round by planting wistaria, 

 Hall's honeysuckle, Dorothy Perkins rose, memorial 

 rose, Jackman's clematis, trumpet creeper, wild 

 clematis, Henry's clematis, panicled clematis, 

 bitter sweet, English ivy, climbing euonymus 

 (green, round-leaved variety). 



QUICK GROWING TREES 



The wrong kind are those of short-lived beauty, 

 e. g. poplars, willows, silver maples, box elder. 

 The right kind are the long-lived species, e. g. red, 

 scarlet, and pin oak, which will soon overtake the 

 above and last for centuries. 



ROCK GARDENS 



Do not make a mound of cobble-stones and plant 

 nasturtiums on it. Omit the rock garden or else 

 buy "Alpine Flowers," by W. Robinson, make a 

 rockery according to his methods and grow flowers 

 you can grow in no other way, e. g. gentians, 

 primroses, edelweiss, rock roses, etc. 



ROSES 



Buy field-grown plants two or three years old. 

 The stock that costs most at the start gives the 

 best results the first year and is less liable than 

 cheap mail-order plants to be killed the first 

 winter. 



SAND-ENDURING PLANTS 



Most of the popular flowering shrubs will prove 

 short-lived on sand. Use plants native to sand, 

 e. g., barberry, locust, pitch pine, red cedar, Vir- 

 ginia creeper. 



SCREENS FOR UNSIGHTLY OBJECTS 



The temporary and unsatisfactory way is to 

 use poplars and willows which are of no value in 

 winter and are short-lived. The ideal way is to 

 move large evergreens, of which red cedar is 

 cheapest. Big evergreens may seem costly but 

 they blot out ugliness at once and save ten to 

 twenty years of waiting. Cedars, hemlock and 

 white pine are cheaper in the end than Scotch and 

 Austrian pine or Norway spruce. Japan ivy will 

 hide more brick or stone wall than anything else. 



Red pine will stand the strong winds better than 

 Scotch, Austrian or white. Red cedar succeeds 

 and hemlock fails. White spruce does better than 

 Norway. Concolor fir is longer-lived and in better 

 taste than Colorado spruce. Mugho pine will 

 live longer than dwarf retinisporas. Pin, scarlet 

 and red oak will outlive English oak and are 

 easier to transplant than white oak. Bayberry, 

 beach plum, barberry, tamarisk, inkberry, holly, 

 bearberry, and marsh elder are native and fit. 

 Shrubs with variegated, weeping or cut-leaved 

 foliage are usually too gardenesque. 



SHADE ENDURING PLANTS 



Beware of silver maples and elms near gardens. 

 Nothing worth having will grow beneath them 

 permanently. You cannot maintain a perfect 

 hedge beneath these trees. The appropriate and 

 least expensive plan is to grow hardy foliage — 

 plants in deep shade — and not try to get flowers 

 there. Why not plant running myrtle, wintergreen, 

 mahonia, ferns? If you must have flowers, why 

 not shrubs native to shade (e. g., flowering currant, 

 shrubby dogwoods, or sweet pepper bush) instead 

 of garden flowers? 



SHRUBS WITH TRIPLE ATTRACTIONS 



The following are attractive in flower, fruit, and 

 foliage: Spice bush, Buffalo berry, cornelian 

 cherry, common and Japanese barberry, Regel's 

 privet, Morrow's honeysuckle, Tartarian honey- 



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Example of permanent way of getting flowers. 

 Shrubbery cheaper to maintain than flower beds 



