THE MINERALS OF NEW SOUTH WALES. 171 



iron, especially in the joints, there are brilliant crystals of iron 

 pyrites, with a small quantity of yellow copper ore and traces of 

 blue and green carbonate of copper. Here also is found iron 

 sulphate, from the decomposition of the pyrites." 



In the cliffs at Shepherd's Hill, Newcastle, there are trunks of 

 trees converted into red haematite. 



Large deposits of massive and somewhat ochry red haematite 

 occur at Brisbane Water, also over large areas in the County of 

 Argyle. This same mineral enters largely also into the composi- 

 tion of the so-called "red hills" occurring in the New England 

 tin districts and other parts. A silicious red hematite is also 

 common in the Hawkesbury sandstone, about Sydney, and else- 

 where, as veins and scattered nodules. 



One of these nodules which I examined contained 28*0 per 

 cent, of metallic iron, and the compact red haematite from Nattai 

 gave me 45 per cent. 



Goethite. — Brown Haematite. 



Chem. comp. : Hydrated sesquioxide of Iron = Fe 2 3 ,3H 3 0. 

 Iron sesquioxide, 89*9 ; water, 10*1 = 100. 



Generally massive, or with fibrous radiate structure, minute 

 velvety crystals are sometimes met with ; also scaly, mammillated, 

 pisolitic, reniform, and stalactitic. 



Externally the colour is often jet-black with high lustre; within 

 yellow, yellowish-brown, and full-brown. Streak, brown. 



Many of the nodules of brown haematite contain cavities and 

 hollows holding a soft black substance like binoxide of manganese, 

 which hardens on exposure. 



Very large and extensive irregular deposits and pockets of brown 

 haematite occur at Wallerawang, Jamberoo, Nattai, Port Hacking, 

 the Murrumbidgee, Mt. Tellula, and many other places, such as 

 between Mt. Tom ah and Mt. King George. In fact this mineral 

 is one of the most widely diffused. 



A specimen of Brown Haematite, from Wallerawang, yielded 

 the following results on analysis : — 



Water, hygroscopic 1*28 



„ combined 12*04 



Silica and insoluble matter ... 12*19 



Sesquioxide of iron 73-60 = 51-2 per cent, metallic iron. 



Phosphorus *12 



Sulphur -06 



Undetermined '71 



100-00 



