THE MINERALS OF NEW SOUTH WALES. 187 



Some analyses of the Wallerawang Coal gave the following 

 results : — 



A sample from a seam 1 7 feet 6 inches thick gave : — 



Moisture 1 "51 



Volatile hydrocarbons ... 33*24 



Fixed carbon 55*74 ) n , aK n A n _. 



Ash, white 9 . 50 | Coke = 65-24 per cent. 



99*99 



Sp. gravity = 1*333. 



Another seam 6 feet 6 inches thick : — 



Moisture 1*95 



Volatile hydrocarbons ... 27*25 



Fixed carbon 61*86 ) nr . OA , , 



Ash, white 8*94 J 70 * 80 P er cent ' coke ' 



100*00 



Sp.gr. = 1*398. 



The coal from the Waratah Company's mine is sometimes 

 beautifully iridescent. And in the Australian Agricultural Com- 

 pany's Borehole pit, nodules of hard and compact anthracitic coal 

 are met with in the substance of the softer coal. 



Coal containing pea-iron ore is abundant at Nattai. Another 

 coal, from near to Nattai, is very brilliant in lustre, and breaks 

 with a pitchy lustrous conchoidal fracture like albertite; it is 

 also marked by the presence of thick layers of " mother-of-coal " 

 or fibrous mineral charcoal. * 



A splintery anthracite is said to occur at Gordon Brook, in the 

 county of Richmond. As far as I have seen at present, only one 

 of the so-called New South Wales anthracites are really deserving 

 of that name, the others are merely very poor or else baked coals, 

 i.e., coal which has been more or less destroyed by the intrusion of a 

 dyke of some igneous rock. 



Lignite. — Brown coal. 



Chem. comp. : Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and ash. This sub- 

 stance may be looked upon as an imperfect coal. In some cases it 

 still retains the original fibrous woody structure ; in other cases it 

 is scaly or massive. 



Found at Kiandra. Brown, but black in parts, with a pitchy 

 lustre ; fracture subconchoidal ; exhibits woody structure. On 

 the Lachlan River, where it possesses a platy structure; found 

 also on Mr. Berry's land, at the mouth of the Shoalhaven, at a 

 depth of 1 2 feet ; also at Turalla Creek, County of Argyle, retains 

 original structure of the wood, and has much the same appearance 

 as " bog oak." 



