Influence of the Salts Common in Alkali Soils 

 upon the Growth of Rice Plant. II. 



On the Antagonism between two Salts relating 

 to their Toxic Effect upon the Growth 

 of Rice Seedlings. 



By 

 Koji Miyake. 



The results of the experiments with a single salt solution 

 have been reported in the preceding paper, but it can not be 

 correlated with our knowledge of alkali soils, since, as Kearney 

 and Cameron 13 pointed out, in nature we have always to do 

 with a mixture of salts and never with single solutions. They 

 found in connection with Loeb's striking results with marine 

 animals that by adding sodium salts to the solution of magne- 

 sium salts the critical concentrations of the latter could be 

 raised considerably, and in the case of Lupinas albus and 

 Medkago sativa, the neutralizing effect became enormous when 

 salts of calcium were added to the solutions of sulphates and 

 chlorides of magnesium and sodium. 



The physiology of the decreasing toxicity of a salt due to 

 the precence of a second salt in the solution, was specially 

 discussed by Osterhout 2) from the view-point of Loeb's con- 

 ception of a "physiologically balanced salts solution". As the 

 result of investigations, it has been shown that marine plants 

 as well as marine animals are very sensitive to pure salt solu- 

 tions, but thrive well in solutions containing a mixture of 



1) Bull. No. 71, Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture (1912). 



2) Journ. Bio!. Chera, Vol. 3, pp. 363-369 (1906) ; Bot. Gaz., Vol. 42, pp. 127- 

 134 (1906); Univ. Cal. Pubs. Bot., Vol. 2, p. 317 (1907); Jahrb. f. Wissensch. Bot.,Bd. 

 46, p. 121 (1908). 



