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THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 



April, 1910 



THE 



De Laval 

 Cream Separator 



Will Save You Time, Labor and Money if 

 You Own One or More Cows 



Those who keep one or more cows, either for profit or to supply the 

 home table with milk, cream and butter, can ill afford to be without 

 a De Laval Cream Separator. Its benefits and advantages are many. 

 To begin with, the Centrifugal Separator secures every last bit of 

 cream in the milk, whereas one-third to one-half is lost by any other 

 method of skimming. 



Then the separating can be done as soon as the cow is milked, 



which means that the cream is always 

 perfectly sweet and free from taint or odor, 

 while it is of fine even texture and may be 

 run any desired thickness. It is in the 

 best possible condition for use as cream or 

 for churning into perfect butter. 



Likewise the skimmilk is fresh, sweet and 

 warm from the cow; worth a dozen times 

 more for stock feeding or human consump- 

 tion than the skimmilk from any gravity 

 setting or dilution system of skimming. 

 Incidentally both cream and skimmilk are 

 thoroughly clarified of all dirt and impure 

 matter, which is never inconsiderable. 



The separator does away with the setting 



and handling of the milk, with ice and 



water, and all the trouble, work and nuisance which the old way 



involves for everyone. It reduces the dairy work to almost nothing 



and makes pleasure rather than drudgery of it. 



De Laval Cream Separators Save Their Cost Every 

 Few Months. Creameries and Milk Dealers Universally 

 Use Them, and More than 1,000,000 Dairy Farmers 

 Do So The World Over. 



We shall be glad to have you send at once for catalogue illus- 

 trating and describing the Latest Improved De Laval machines in 

 detail, and once you try a separator your only regret can be that you 

 haven't sooner used it. 



THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO. 



42 Madison Street 

 CHICAGO 



16S Broadway 

 NEW YORK 



101 Drumm Street 

 SAN FRANCISCO 



30,000 DISTRICT AND LOCAL AGENCIES 



IMPROVING THE FRUIT TREES 



The apples from my trees are small and wormy, 

 and they drop off before ripening. How can I get 

 a good crop of fruit and what is the green scale that 

 is covering the trunks of the trees? 



Connecticut. C. F. V. E. 



— The apple trees probably need thorough cultiva- 

 tion. By this we mean spraying for both insects 

 and fungus by using Paris green and Bordeaux 

 Mixture, and giving the trees food in the shape of 

 fertilizer. If by the green scale you mean moss 

 growing on the trunks of the trees, the remedy is 

 scraping the trunks and letting light and air into the 

 trees. Probably the whole orchard needs a thorough 

 overhauling and renovation. 



TREE SURGERY 



I have an English walnut tree, in the trunk of 

 which there is a large hole which resulted from a 

 limb having been broken off. How can I save the 

 tree? 



Virginia. A. E. C. 



— Scrape out all the decaying surface matter, cut- 

 ting away until live tissue is reached; then either 

 paint or burn out the inside or the cavity may 

 be washed with iron or copper sulphate. Cement 

 used for filling a cavity must not extend over the 

 live edge of the bark; if it does, the growth of the 

 bark will generally push out the filling, leaving 

 room for disease to enter. Have the cement surface 

 just low enough for the bark to grow over it. Be 

 sure that the cement is wet enough so that it will 

 thoroughly fill all spaces up to the line of the inner 

 bark. 



HOW TO GRAFT APPLES 



How are apples grafted? 



New Jersey. J. T. W. 



— Take cions for grafting apples or pear stock be- 

 fore the growing season commences. Store in moist 

 sand and in a cold cellar, and just after the stock 

 has commenced to grow the grafting can be done. 

 Grafting should always be done after growth has 

 commenced, but the cions should be dormant when 

 the operation is performed. 



GROWING ICELAND POPPIES 



Is there any particular "kink" in the cultivation 

 of Iceland poppies? 



New Jersey. J. T. 



— Plant seeds as early in the spring as the ground 

 can be worked. Cover very lightly, for if planted 

 deep the seed does not germinate. Make the bed 

 smooth and fine, scatter the seed thinly, then rake 

 gently, and firm the soil well with a board, or with 

 the back of a hoe. When the plants are up two or 

 three inches, thin to six inches apart for the weaker 

 growing varieties. Pick all the pods as soon as the 

 petals drop, unless one desires to save seed. This 

 treatment lengthens the blooming season. It is well 

 to grow new plants every second year, as in the 

 colder parts of the country old plants often winter- 

 kill. The Iceland poppy does best in a moder- 

 ately rich and light loam and needs full exposure 

 to the sun. 



FERTILIZING WITH CRIMSON 

 CLOVER 



Of what value is crimson clover as a fertilizer? 



Connecticut. D. C. J. 



— Crimson clover improves the fertility of the 

 land in two ways: First, by being turned under 

 as a green crop, it adds humic matter the same as 

 any other green fertilizer; second, and this is its 

 chief value as compared to other plants, it adds 

 nitrogen to the soil by gathering it directly from the 

 air through colonies of bacteria which inhabit nod- 

 ules or galls on the roots. Most leguminous plants 

 do this, but the crimson clover has Such an extra- 

 ordinarily large root system and holds such a large 

 number of bacteria colonies that it adds more 

 nitrogen in proportion than any other plant. Nitro- 

 gen is the most evanescent and most important 

 fertilizer, and the one that is most easily washed out 

 of the soils when applied in mineral form, and it 

 is the basis of all systems of fertilization. Sow the 

 seed cither in drills or broadcast, and plow under 

 just before the flowers open. Or another way is to 

 sow the seed late in the summer, so that the stand 

 may be had all winter, and plow under as early as 

 possible in the spring. This is the better way, as it 

 does not occupy the ground to the exclusion of 

 other crops. 



New York. L. B. 



