254 



Do you intend to build a poultry house/ 

 Write to the Readers' Service 



THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 



May, 19 10 







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Cabot's 

 Shingle Stains 



— FOR — 



HOUSES 



BARNS 



STABLES 



SHEDS 



FENCES 



and all exterior wood-work, es- 

 pecially shingles. They are 

 softer and richer in color, easier 

 and quicker to apply, wear bet- 

 ter, look better, and are fifty per 

 cent, cheaper than paint. Creo- 

 sote, the chief ingredient, is the 

 best wood-preservative known. 



Lined unlh Cabot's Sheathing Quilt and Stained with Cabot's 

 Shingle Stains. Robert C. Spencer, Jr., Architect, Chicago. 



Samples of Stained Wood, with Chart of Color 

 Combinations, sent on application 



"Quilt"— the Warmest Sheathing 



Wind and Frost Proof 



NOT a mere felt or paper, but a matted lining 

 that keeps out the cold as a bird's feathers 

 do. Incomparably warmer than building papers, 

 and warmer and cheaper than back-plaster. Costs 

 less than one cent a foot. Keeps warm rooms 

 warm and cool rooms cool. "It is cheaper to buila 

 warm houses than to heat cold ones.'' 



SAMUEL CABOT, Inc., 1 Oliver St., Boston, Mass. 



Agents at all Central Points 



Send for a sample and catalogue (free) of 

 Cabot's Sheathing Quilt 



Sold by the Seedsmen 



All Over America 



For pamphlet on Bugs and Blight, write to 

 B. Hammond, Fishkill-on-Hudson, N. Y. 



HARDY CHRYSANTHEMUMS 

 PLANT NOW FOR FALL BLOOM 



We grow thirty-five varieties of hardy pompom chrysanthemums 

 (old fashioned artemisias.) Send for descriptive booklet. 



THE ELMSFORD COLLECTION of the following twelve different 

 kinds from 1% -in. pots for $1.50: 



Eagle d*Or t medium clear yellow 



Golden Pheasant, small rich yellow 



Alk'iiiov, n, golden bronze 



hy ml hurst, deep scarlet bronze 



Cerise Queen, cerise pink 



Lndy smith, rosy lake, tinged salmon Julia tagravere, crimson maroon 



These hardy pompoms will make your garden beautiful 

 this Fall when everything else is dead. 



scon bros. ELM SL N K RIES 



St. Illoria, silver rose, quilled 

 St. Almo, fine white 

 Fred Peele, lilac red 

 Little Pet, violet red 

 J on pa, violet crimson 



<©art>m (Ornaments 



Consisting of 



Lawn and Park Fountains 



Railings and Entrance Gates 



Electric Light Posts for Driveways 



Flower Vases in Cast Iron or Bronze 



Statuary for Sunken and Italian Gardens 



Settees, Chairs and Tree Guards 



We solicit correspondence from Architects and 

 Owners of Country Estates 



Stable and Cow House Fittings 



Drinking Fountains for Public Parks 



and Squares 



Catalogues on application 



The J. L. Mott Iron Works 



Ornamental "Department 

 Fifth Ave. and 17th St. New York 



Muck soils and mucky loams are easy to tend 

 and the yield under favorable conditions is very 

 high. The grade of onion grown, however, is 

 always inferior to that from the fine sandy loams 

 or fine sandy and silty loams, and in wet seasons the 

 difference is even more marked. Onions grown 

 on muck soils are not only coarse in texture but 

 lack firmness and are often relatively soft, render- 

 ing them much less desirable for storage purposes 

 as well as for table use. 



BRAIDED TOPS 



In the Connecticut Valley a somewhat different 

 effect is seen on a mellow silty loam soil. While it 

 produces a quality about midway between the 

 muck soils and the most desirable fine sandy 

 loams, it should also bring a satisfactory yield. 

 And so it does, but the necks are too "fat" to cure 

 down as well as they should. This tendency is 

 more marked in wet seasons when there are liable 

 to be many "braided" tops. The "braided" top 

 is a stem that is thick for an inch above the bulb 

 caused by the outer layers of the latter extending 

 upward and enveloping the lower part of the stem 

 or top until late in the season. In mid-season this 

 would be a normal condition, but at harvesting 

 time all of the true stem part must have dried down 

 thoroughly. And on the heavy fine sandy loams 

 or light mellow loams this stage will have been 

 reached. If this tendency toward the "braided" 



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A field of onions growing on a muck soil 



top, or fat stem, becomes more pronounced seal- 

 lions (small bulbs upon which the tops are unduly 

 large and do not die down) are produced, the waste 

 from this source decreasing the yield. 



The most money will be made in the long run by 

 the man who gets the largest yield consistent with 

 good quality. Fortunately this is a balance which 

 may be attained without too great a sacrifice of 

 yield. The general tendency has been in the past, 

 outside of the Connecticut Valley, to choose mucky 

 or heavy soils from the viewpoint of yield only. 

 Results show, however, that with especial care 

 yields on soils producing highest quality may 

 equal those from soils yielding a much poorer 

 quality of onion. 



As the crop requires" very frequent weeding by 

 hand, the soil must be mellow and free from coarse 

 gritty particles and stones, or else the fingers and 

 knees may become very sore. While there are 

 many devices to assist hand weeding and quicken 

 the process, the fact remains that the cheapest and 

 most effective way to weed onions is for a boy or 

 young man to straddle a row and manipulate his 

 fingers so rapidly in the extraction of weeds and in 

 loosening the soil around the tiny onion plants that 

 he is in continuous movement crawling on his knees, 

 and has no time to rest the weight of his body on 

 the elbows. In this work skill must be developed, 

 for not only is rapid work necessary, but the onion 

 plants must be left behind the weeder in an upright 

 position, with soil stirred yet firmed again, and 

 with all weeds removed. Often considered a 

 bugbear, this work is not so tedious as it would 

 seem after one becomes accustomed to it, and the 

 knees get toughened. 



Washington, D. C. H. J. Wilder. 



