74 



THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 



September, 1913 



Now is the Time 



to prepare for a 



Beautiful Bulb Garden 



Next Spring 



We have all the desirable varieties 

 of Tulips, Hyacinths, Narcissi 



and other 



DUTCH BULBS 



Peonies, Iris, Lilies, etc. 



PLANT PEONIES NOW 



The Quality of our Stock is the BeslfObtain- 

 able, and its Price includes no profit for 

 Middlemen. Let us send our Catalogue. 



Franken Brothers 



Deerfield Illinois 



Nurseries also at Sassenheim, Holland 



Peonies and Perennials 



\Y7HY not deal directly with the grower instead of 

 getting your plants after they have passed through 

 the hands of the DEALER. We have two hundred 

 and fifty thousand Peonies in two hundred and fifty 

 best varieties, and a million other perennial plants. At 

 the 1913 exhibition of the American Peony Society, 

 our blooms won the Gold Medal and the Silver Cup, 

 and our display was declared by those competent to 

 judge, to be the choicest collection of Peony blooms 

 ever shown in America. A card will secure our 

 catalogue. £ A REEVES 



Cleveland, Ohio 



South Euclid P. O. 



Gold Medal Paeonies 



The Massachusetts Horticultural Society- 

 awarded me their Gold Medal for "excel- 

 lence and correct nomenclature in past and 

 present exhibits" in June, 191 1. If you are 

 in want of some of the best Paeonies in the 

 world, you can get them of me, and be sure 

 that they are just what you buy. Lists free. 

 E. J. Shaylor, Auburndale, Mass. 



A Beautiful Garden of Hardy 

 Perennial Flowers for 25 cents 



THE loveliest old-fashioned flowers that grow are the 

 perennials, which come up year after year without 

 re-seeding. It saves time, money and labor to plant 

 perennials and you always have flowers. Now is the right 

 time to sow seeds. Phlox, Coreopsis, Pinks, Hollyhocks. 

 Columbines, Foxgloves, Larkspur, Sweet Williams, etc. 

 Twelve packets of best most popular varieties sent postpaid 

 to your address for 25c. Full instructions for planting, 

 growing and setting with each collection. Write for my list 

 of Choice Paeonies. 

 FRANK KOEHLER, Rosedale Hardy Plant Farm, Camden, N. J. 



Horse Stable Manure 



Naturally Rotted, Dried and Ground, an 

 odorless natural manure for use of florists, 

 landscape gardeners, truck growers and 

 farmers, and for general farming purposes. 



For Mixing with Soil for Potted Plants 



for field crops; for grass and lawns, and for 

 vegetable garden, promoting rapid steady 

 growth. Write for circular and prices. 



New York Stable Manure Co. 



273 Washington St. Jersey City, N. J. 



the majority of the truckers with whom I have 

 talked, at least, in all sections of the Northeast. 



The operation really begins with the sowing of 

 the seed in mid September. The sowing is made in 

 a well-prepared seedbed in the open, the rows being 

 six inches apart. The plants are not grown in the 

 coldframe but only carried through the winter in 

 it. I prefer to sow rather thick and thin out when 

 the first true leaf is well started, selecting of course 

 the more healthy looking plantlets. A stubby 

 plant with strong roots is preferable, as it stands 

 the winter better. In mid-October, when the plants 

 are about a month old and have attained to three 

 or four true leaves, transfer to the coldframe; and, 

 as they are not to grow in the coldframe but simply 

 to get a root-hold, they are put very close, almost 

 as close as "heeled-in" plants. My frames, con- 

 sisting of two sashes of the regulation size (3x6), 

 will carry 2,000 plants each. 



In transplanting from the seedbed to the cold- 

 frame care is exercised to set them so that the entire 

 stalk to the leaves is under ground. If the roots 

 only are in the ground and the stalk exposed, the 

 severe freezing of mid-winter causes the stalks to 

 burst or split, and the plants are ruined. After 

 the plants are set in their winter quarters they re- 

 quire little care beyond what is necessary to insure 

 their roots getting a "hold" in the soil before 

 freezing weather begins. 



As the weather grows cold or the severe frosts 

 begin, the sashes are kept on of nights and on 

 severe days. During the daytime when the tem- 

 perature is not severe, remove the sash, thus gradu- 

 ally hardening them to the cold. When the plants 

 are well hardened the leaves become of a bluish or 

 steel blue cast. Plants of this color will endure a 

 surprising degree of cold and will come out healthy 

 and vigorous in the spring. However, after the 

 temperature becomes severe, I use thick mats of 

 rye straw for protection and find them very satis- 

 factory and easy to handle. Some of my neighbors 

 use strips of old carpet (which are all right if one 

 has them) held in place by a few old scantling. If 

 the plants have been properly hardened and set 

 deep, they may be frozen in all winter without 

 injury. In such quarters they have survived a 

 winter having an occasional outside temperature 

 as low as 24 and 30 degrees below zero and come 

 out all right in the spring. 



But if a warm spell occurs and the beds thaw out 

 so that some root action is likely, give them plenty 

 of air by raising the sash; or it may be taken off 

 entirely during mid-day if the day is cloudy. Care 

 must be taken that the sun never shines on the 

 plants during these warm spells in winter, especially 

 not when the sash is on, as it would raise the 

 temperature in the bed and thus weaken the plants. 

 I nearly lost my entire lot through this oversight 

 during one "January thaw" when the business was 

 new to me. Since then I endeavor to keep my 

 frames covered with snow, and shaded anyway 

 during these warm spells in winter. As long as the 

 plants are frozen in the bed they may remain in 

 the dark, and the frames be covered with snow for 

 weeks, without injury or loss. I have found it best 

 to have these cabbage coldframes on the north side 

 of some building, where they will not only be 

 shaded from the rays of the sun but less exposed to 

 sudden changes of temperature. 



As soon as the winter breaks the covering is 

 removed — part of the day at first — and the 

 plants given the weather. Of course, if a severe 

 freeze seems probable, they are again covered until 

 the "wave" has passed. As soon as the soil con- 

 ditions wiU warrant the preparation of the field, 

 the plants are transplanted to it. In this section 

 this time varies widely with the different years. 

 For instance, it was mid-April last year before we 

 could set them out, while three years ago (1910) 

 they were set out in March and the first heads cut 

 in mid- June. 



The only pest that troubles these early cabbages 

 is the root maggot. It is most destructive in dry 

 hot spring weather, such as we sometimes get in 

 May. But even so the grower who knows his 

 business is sure to get $500 to $600 an acre from 

 this crop. In varieties I grow both the Early 

 Jersey Wakefield and Early Winningstadt, and 

 have tried the Earliest Express, but it is not 

 enough earlier to make up for its inferior heading 

 ability. 



New York. C. Westfokd. 



ROSES ROSES 



Hybrid Tea Roses for Fall planting. A very choice col- 

 lection of new and standard varieties; own roots; field 

 and pot grown; also Ramblers and Polyantha Roses 



PAEONIES 



This is the best planting season — Plant Now. 



White, Pink and Crimson, strong divisions, $2.00 per doz. 



Festiva Maxima, finest white 



Doc de Cazes and Ne Pins Ultra, very choice pinks, 



25c each; $2.00 per doz. 



Hardy old-fashioned garden flowers for Fall planting) 

 select stock; see Catalogue, sent free on application to 



WM. TRICKER Arlington, N. J. 



Peony Clumps for 

 September planting 



All the choice varieties including 

 Festiva, Maxima, and Van Dyck at 

 25 cents per clump. 



Send for free list. 



HEADS BERGENF1ELD NURSERIES 

 Bergenfield, New Jersey 



Plant C & J. Star Roses This Fall 



and gain a year in growth and 

 bloom. Our fall catalog des- 

 cribes the hardiest varieties. 

 Also hundredsof choice flower- 

 ing seeds, bulbs and shrubs tor 

 fail planting. Full of photos 

 and valuable information. Write for 

 a copy. The Conard & Jones Co., Box 

 24, West Grove Pa. 



Rose Specialists — 50 years' experience 



ivery 

 Offer 



Hardy Ferns for Autumn Planting 



Send for list C 



North Shore Ferneries Co. 



Beverly, Mass. 



■*i*. your trees 



t> _ __ 



» White Fly, etc., by spraying 



GOOD'SpSiFISH OIL 



SOAP N?3 



Sure death to tree pests. Contains nothing injurious to 

 trees — fertilizes the soil. Used and endorsed by U. S. 

 Dept. of FI?|7|7 Our valuable book on Tree and 

 Agriculture r i\EiE» Plant Diseases. Write for it today. 

 JAMES GOOD, Original Maker, 931 N. Front Street, Philadelphia 



WE have a man in our office who' 

 has a very interesting job. 



He receives letters from all over the world 

 — and replies to every one of them, not with 

 a mere printed form; but with a personal 

 letter carefully thought out. 



Some days he travels pretty much all over 

 New York looking for the right answer to a 

 single letter. 



This man conducts our Readers' Service 

 Department. 



If you come across anything in any of our 

 magazines or anywhere else for that matter, 

 about which you want more information, just 

 write him a letter. 



He'll answer it — that's his job. 



Address — 



Readers' Service Department, Doubleday, Page & Company 

 Garden City, L. I., N. Y. 



