86 



THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 



October, 1913 



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Apple Varieties and Pruning 



DO YOU advise the same general soil and prun- 

 ingtreatment for Baldwins, Newtown Pippins 

 and Rhode Island Greenings as for the Northern 

 Spy? If not, can you briefly summarize the main 

 individual requirements of these three varieties? 

 New York E. D. 



The Newtown Pippin requires a limestone soil 



with some clay in it, and it will thrive only where 

 these conditions exist. It is of no use to attempt 

 to grow it in the East outside of the Hudson Valley 

 and the north shore of Long Island. It is grown 

 successfully in California and Oregon where the soil 

 conditions are as described. After the tree is well 

 formed, the Newtown does not require much 

 pruning. Both the Baldwin and Rhode Island 

 Greening will do well under practically the same 

 soil and general management. The Baldwin grows 

 upright and needs the centre of the trees well cut 

 out to prevent its going up too high. The Greening 

 has a spreading habit of growth and does not require 

 so much centre pruning. The Northern Spy re- 

 quires an entirely different soil and general treat- 

 ment. To obtain high color, without which the 

 fruit is worthless, the soil should be a shale or gravel 

 loam, quick, warm, yet carrying a good degree of 

 moisture. On such soil the Spy will begin to bear 

 in six years. The elevation should be high — from 

 500 to 1,200 feet. When planted on a deep rich 

 clay or clay loam on bottom land the tree will grow 

 vigorously for fifteen years without producing an 

 apple. After the Spy tree is planted and a well 

 formed head is established the first two years, no 

 pruning should be done for the following six years, 

 except to take out some cross-growing branches. 

 Constant pruning will stimulate wood growth. 

 With no pruning for six or seven years, fruit spurs 

 will form and the trees begin to bear freely in seven 

 years, after which judicious pruning may be done, 

 taking out only such inside wood as will make too 

 much shade. The sun must shine in and through 

 the tree in order to color the fruit well and to obtain 

 that is all the pruning the Spv requires. 

 New York. G. T. Powell. 



Storing Pears 



THE storing of fruit is always a problem on 

 small places where just enough is grown for 

 home consumption. In many cases all the fruit 

 will ripen at one time and the feast is followed 

 by a famine. This can be easily avoided by gather- 

 ing the fruit and spreading it out on racks; or it 

 can be spread on the attic floor and covered with 



Pears stored singly on racks in a dark room. Less 

 than a peck was lost out of 100 bushels 



paper. Apples keep much better than pears; 

 they can be put in barrels and boxes and occasionally 

 carefully sorted over to remove any that have 

 started to decay. 



Last year my crop of pears was in the neighbor- 

 hood of 100 bushels, and out of them I did not lose 

 a peck. I have stored them singly in racks in a 

 dark room; I looked them over daily and removed 

 the ripe fruit. 



Another point in having good pears is not to let 

 them remain on the trees until they are dead ripe, 

 for they will then get mushy and loose their flavor. 

 They also keep better if removed when they are 

 hard. The proper time to pick pears is when the 

 stem leaves the branch without breaking. 



New York. W. C. McC. 



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