148 



THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 



November, 1913 



nailed. Upon each side, five rafters 

 were fastened, one at each end and three 

 between, all meeting at the ridge. The 

 height from the ground to the ridge- 

 board is nine feet. This height gives 

 ample pitch to the roof, catching and 

 retaining the greatest amount of sun's 

 rays and heat. These rafters formed 

 the resting places for the sash bars and 

 glass. 



Connecting each of these rafters are 

 two parallel rows of 1x4 in. stock, ex- 

 tending across the roof of the house from 

 east to west. The first row was about 

 3! feet from the sill and parallel to it. 

 The next row was 7J feet from the sill, 

 and of course parallel to the sill and the 

 first row. These cross pieces on both the 

 north and south sides of the roof give in- 

 creased strength and stability to the roof. 



Over these cross ties and rafters from sill 

 to ridge, the sash bars are placed and 

 securely fastened with nails, each bar 

 being far enough apart to accommodate 

 a pane of glass 12 inches in width. This 

 necessitates 38 sash bars, each bar being 

 12 feet long. At the ends or sides of 

 the house, the sash bars are inserted per- 

 pendicularly to the sill and extending to the 

 end rafters. The same distance between 

 sash bars is maintained here. All glass 

 used is double thick, 1 2x1 2 in. Instead of 

 being lapped where the panes met. they 

 were butted. This arrangement has been 

 found to be quite satisfactory in this case, 

 as no special winter heat is maintained 

 in the house. 



Near the ridge on the north slope, to- 

 ward both ends of the house, ventilators 

 are placed, one toward the east and one 



towards the west, each ventilator being 

 12 inches wide and 20 inches deep. As a 

 further aid to proper ventilation, a 30 x 30 

 inch, six-pane window was constructed in 

 the west end of the house, while opposite 

 this window, in the east end, is a wooden 

 door 30 inches wide and 6 feet 6 inches high. 



The heat other than that furnished by 

 the sun's rays and trapped by the glass 

 is supplied by a small coal stove, located 

 half way between the ends and sides of 

 the house, the chimney protruding through 

 the north slope of the roof, taking with its 

 surrounding sheet iron the place of one 

 fight of glass. 



An ornamental ridgeboard was installed 

 upon the ridge to give a finished effect to 

 the whole house. Two coats of white 

 paint thoroughly applied to the woodwork 

 completed the work. 



Good May-Flowering Cottage and Darwin Tulips 



By Ernest T. Cook, T 



[Editors' Note: Before becoming established in his present location the writer of this article was for years Editor of "The Garden" {England), and is also well- 

 known as the author af several books on practical horticulture. This is his first contribution to the contemporary American horticultural press. Mr. Cook is to contri- 

 bute a series of articles to the garden magazine.] 



These late flowering tulips can hardly be 

 over praised — they serve equally for 

 the garden and for cutting, and come in 

 colors that will fit into "schemes." They 

 are not crude and dazzling like the early 

 kinds. Cottage and Darwin tulips though 

 somewhat allied, are garden flowers in 

 the best sense — tall, stately, strong in 

 every way, and showing a beautiful di- 

 versity of coloring from almost black, 

 through an intensity of purple, and pos- 

 sessing in one instance — Ellen Willmott — 

 the fragrance of the Marechal Niel rose. 



The tulip may be, quite correctly, 

 regarded as a bedding and border plant, 

 but some of the most beautiful flower 

 pictures last spring were groups of the 

 soft salmon-rose La Mervielle and the 

 vermilion Gesneriana spathulata in the 

 shade of a lawn. Fresh greenery all 

 around; and then this wonderful flower 

 splendor subdued and yet enriched by its 

 sympathetic setting. 



There is much wisdom in the right 

 contrast of color and it was most notice- 

 able that La Merveille, side by side with 

 strong crimsons, utterly lost its clear 

 luminous brightness. Many hundreds of 

 people saw this collection and the kinds 

 named were the most admired. To ladies 

 in particular the soft shades of helio- 

 trope in Dream, Gudin, Dolores, Rev. 

 H. Ewbank, Erguste, and Edouard Andre 

 made the warmest appeal ; the kinds named 

 are charming and an agreeable contrast 

 with pale yellow and deep orange. 



The most important cultural detail 

 is a soil free from stagnant moisture; 

 ordinary loam will suffice. Raise the 

 beds two or three inches above the level, 

 planting the bulbs about, six inches deep 

 where the soil is heavv and seven inches if 



it is light, with a distance between each 

 of six inches, not a fraction less. After 

 planting give a top dressing of well-de- 

 cayed manure, which is also a suitable pro- 

 tection in winter. When the bulbs are 

 just beginning to spear through in spring, 

 carefully remove the top-dressing and 

 loosen the soil for the sun and air to sweeten 

 it. Take up the bulbs every year when 

 the leaves have quite died down and store 

 them in boxes or bags in a cool cellar or 

 similar place. A tulip begins to deterior- 

 ate at once, if left in the soil; it must be 

 lifted each year, and if it can be given a 

 fresh position so much the better. 



These tulips are also well suited to pot 

 culture, and nothing in gardening is 

 simpler — the rules to follow being the 

 same as in the ordinary spring bulb routine. 

 And when planted in bowls for the house, 

 the best results come from peat moss 

 fibre, shell and charcoal. 



Not a single flower of weak coloring or 

 in any way undesirable has been included 

 in the following selections. The Darwins 

 are placed first, the stem height being 

 indicated in each case: 



Baronne de la Tonnaye, rose melting into blush, 

 a lovely cup, 26 inches. Black Knight, intense 

 satiny maroon, 22 in. Carminea, glowing car- 

 mine, made more glowing still by an electric blue 

 base and dark anthers, one of the most perfect 

 of the race, 19 in. Donders, deep crimson, down 

 in the heart of the flowers there is a violet suffusion, 

 25 inches. Flambeau, brilliant carmine rose, rich 

 purple base, a glorious tulip, 20 inches. Glow, 

 one of the first to choose, vermilion, 23 inches. 

 Loveliness, rose and blush, 21 inches. Mr. Fam- 

 cotnbe Sanders, rosy scarlet aad white, 27 inches. 

 Prof. M. Foster, a rich medley of rose and scarlet, 

 a noble flower, 30 inches. The Sultan, not in- 

 aptly called "The Black Tulip," the big globular 

 cup appearing on a stem 28 inches high. Velvet 

 King, in which a royal purple is intensified by a 

 white base, 24 inches. 



The cottage tulips are much like the 

 Darwins and probably have the same 

 parentage, which may be traced to the 

 splendid Gesneriana. They possess one 

 marked characteristic, a winning graceful- 

 ness, in contrast to the greater formality 

 of the true Darwins. This trait adapts 

 them for naturalizing in grass and for 

 cutting and the coloring is delightfully 

 fresh and pure, singularly so amongst the 

 shades of rose and crimson. The follow- 

 ing selection is the result of my own obser- 

 vation. 



Black Chief, rich maroon, 24 inches. Bouton 

 d'Or or Golden Beauty, perhaps the richest of all 

 in its particular coloring. Dom Pedro, bronze and 

 dull yellow, a large firm textured cup and a tulip 

 that created remarkable interest, 24 inches. Ful- 

 gens, readily recognized by long reflexing crimson 

 flowers, a most distinct kind, 24 inches. 



The Gesneriana trio are most excellent : Spathulata 

 also called major, superb in every way, the tulip 

 for planting or massing in beds, the scarlet color- 

 ing made richer by a base of blue black, it should be 

 the first chosen for the garden whether formal or 

 otherwise, 24 inches; Aurantiaca, also called Globe 

 of Fire, brilliant scarlet flushed with orange, 24 

 inches; and the deep yellow Lutea. 



Another trio exits in the Inglescombes — Scarlet, 

 Yellow and Pink, the names suggesting the color; 

 they are about 20 inches high. La Merveille 

 and the sweetly scented Macrospeila have been 

 already referred to. Mauriana, a tulip from the 

 gardens of Savoy, glowing scarlet, a remarkable 

 color, lit up with a base of gold, 21 inches. Mrs. 

 Moon may be truly described as magnificent, 

 the deep golden yellow flowers having pointed 

 petals, 28 inches. Orange Beauty, a mixture of 

 dazzling orange and red, with which the sweet 

 scent does not seem to harmonize, yet a noble 

 kind, 20 inches. Picotee, a general favorite, pure 

 white edged with rose, the white giving place 

 wholly to rose, as the flower ages 20 inches. Prim- 

 rose Beauty, a dainty little tulip, primrose yellow 

 and with the scent of the same flower, only 16 

 inches. Queen Mary, canary yellow, a fine kind, 

 24 inches. The Fawn, rose, blush, white and fawn, 

 a charming mixture, 21 inches. 



