The Garden Magazine, April, 1922 



119 



world and future applications of preventive sprays must be 

 timed to meet these emergencies. 



AS TO the actual materials available for the "triumvirate 

 Jt\ spray " use : as the fungicide, either lime-sulphur or bordeaux 

 mixture; as the stomach poison, lead arsenate or — though 

 slightly less desirable — calcium arsenate; and, as an effective 

 and safe contact poison, nicotine sulphate. These materials 

 form the basis of the numerous commercial preparations offered 

 in the stores, which are best for the home gardener to use. 

 Assuming that few gardeners will need or desire to " mix their 

 own" bordeaux or lime-sulphur, it is necessary merely to refer 

 them to the directions printed on the package of the commercial 

 articles as to the amount of water to be added. Indeed it is far 

 from desirable for the average gardener to attempt to prepare 

 his own materials. They are purchasable in a number of forms. 

 This done, the poison (either paste or powder) is added to the 

 preparation just as if it were plain water; then the nicotine 

 carrier is added in the same way. But one precaution is to be 

 observed: if lime-sulphur is used as a base, and lead arsenate 

 added as the poison, there should be included in the mixture milk 

 of lime at the rate of one pound to ten gallons of the liquid. 



This prevents the possible development of soluble arsenic which 

 quickly causes foliage injury. 



This brings up the thought, why not mix up any spray 

 materials one happens to have on hand and thereby kill several 

 birds with one stone. This is possible only within certain 

 limits, since the combination of certain spray mixtures may 

 (i) partially or completely neutralize the effectiveness of one or 

 more of the elements; (2) form some new compound that will 

 injure the plants treated; or (3) set free some equally harmful 

 substance already present in one of the ingredients, but in a 

 harmless form. 



The accompanying chart (adapted originally from California 

 Circular 195 and, for our purposes here, from Massachusetts 

 Bulletin 201) provides a graphic guide as to which spray ma- 

 terials can, and which cannot, safely be combined. 



Two important principles to remember are (1) that as a 

 rule the chance of arsenical injury to plant foliage is lessened 

 if spraying is done in dry, comparatively warm weather 

 when the air is circulating freely. (2) While soap may be 

 added to a nicotine spray to increase its adhesive qualities, it 

 should be omitted when the nicotine is combined with other 

 insecticides. 



WHAT CAN I GROW IN THE SHADE? 



ALLEN W. EDM1NSTER 



* VERY plot has at least one spot where the light supply is 

 deficient; and what to plant on the north side of the 

 house is always a problem which is usually evaded by 

 placing the dwelling as near to the north border of 

 the plot as possible and leaving the sunless side bare. The 

 south side may be equally difficult owing to shade of adjoining 

 buildings which sometime very nearly converts the southern 



exposure into a northern one so far as the practical problem 

 of its planting is concerned. 



Inasmuch as light is essential to the well-being of plants and 

 only a comparatively few will endure without full exposure, 

 choice of available material is very restricted. Obviously the 

 ideal plant for a shady position is one that is naturally an under- 

 growth plant. 



Flowering Plants Which Do Well in All Shade 



Name 



Color 



Sow Seed in 



Month of 

 Flower 



Height 



Soil 



Cornflower 



Blue, white 



April, outside 



June to frost 



1-2 ft. 



Average 



Forget-me-not 



Blue 



April, outside 



May to June 



6-8 in. 



Cool and moist 



Godetia 



White, crimson 



May, outside 



June to Aug. 



12 in. 



Cool 



Nemophila 



Blue, white, violet 



Aug. -April 



June to frost 



12 in. 



Cool and moist 



Pansy 



Violet, yellow, blue, etc. 



Aug.-March 



April to frost 



6-8 in. 



Cool and moist 



Bellflower 



White, blue 



Aug.-March 



June to Aug. 



2* ft. 



Rich, well drained 



Flowering Plants Which Need Some Sun 



Name 



Color 



Sow Seed in 



Month of 

 Flower 



Height 



Soil 



Balsam 



Verbena 



Stock 



Basket-flower 



Clarkia 



Zinnia 



Yellow, red, white, purpte 

 White, pink, red, blue 

 Pink, scarlet, white, yellow 

 Rosy, lavender 

 Rose, white, red, purple, etc. 

 Pink, purple, scarlet, etc. 



April inside, May outside 

 March, April inside; May out 

 March inside, May out 

 March inside, April out 

 March inside, May out 

 March inside, May out 



July to frost 

 June to frost 

 July to Sept. 

 July to frost 

 July to Sept. 

 June to Oct. 



18-24 in. 



12 in. 

 12-18 in. 



3 ft. 



1-2 ft. 

 2A-3 ft. 



Rich and moist 

 In any good 

 Rich and moist 

 Rich and moist 

 Average, not too dry 

 Cool and peaty 



