70 
sometimes missing altogether, but even 
then the leaf it wholly unlike the common- 
place leaf of the true spireas. What makes 
the ulmarias so unforgettable is the way in 
which the terminal leaflet lords it over the 
others. It is always bigger, and like all 
other leaves that resemble the outstretched 
fingers of a hand, these terminal leaflets give 
a bold, almost eager look to a plant. ‘Two 
of these ulmarias are white-flowered and 
two range from pink to crimson. All of 
them vary astonishingly in height — from 
two to six feet, depending largely, doubtless, 
upon the food and water supply. 
TWO WHITE-FLOWERED ULMARIAS 
I propose the name “‘elm-leaved meadow- 
sweet” for U. pentapetala, which is known 
to gardeners as Spirea Ulmaria. ‘The 
name is not perfect, but it has two advan- 
tages. First, it recalls the fact that Ulmaria 
(meaning “elmlike”) refers to the side leaf- 
lets, which roughly resemble the leaves of an 
elm. Second, it furnishes a practical way of 
distinguishing the three commonest meadow- 
sweets of Europe, for we can call U. Filipen- 
dula, ‘‘fern-leaved meadowsweet”’and Spirea 
salicifolia “willow-leaved meadowsweet.” 
This elm-leaved meadowsweet grows wild 
throughout Europe and Asia and is also 
naturalized in the eastern United States. 
It has fragrant yellowish white flowers in 
July or August, and is often called “meadow- 
queen,” or “honey-sweet.” It generally 
grows two to four feet high. 
THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 
The giant meadowsweet (Ulmaria Camtschatica), 
showing how the big palmately-lobed terminal leaf- 
let lords it over the side leaflets in the genus 
Ulmaria 
The giant meadowsweet is the same 
sort of thing on a bigger scale. It usually 
attains six feet, sometimes ten, and is said 
to have immense flower clusters. It is known 
to the trade as Spirea gigantea, and its 
correct name is Ulmaria Camtschatica. 
SEPTEMBER, 1908 
The favorite pink-flowered plant which 
the gardeners call Spirea palmata is 
Ulmaria purpurea, and I shall call it 
“purple-stemmed ulmaria” from its dis- 
tinctive beauty. It is a Japanese plant 
with deep pink or carmine flowers and 
Rehder says it is “undoubtedly the finest 
of the genus.” There is a white-flowered 
variety. The variety elegans is commonly 
described as “silvery pink”; an effect 
produced by its white petals and red 
stamens. The color of the latter is pos- 
sibly peculiar in this genus and may be 
due to hybridity. 
Since the purple-leaved meadowsweet is 
known to gardens as Spirea palmata, some 
make the mistake of translating the name as 
Ulmaria palmata, but the Ulmaria palmata 
of the botanists is probably not in cultivation 
at all. Its flowers are pale pink at first, 
changing to white and its side leaflets are 
not ovate (like those of the three preceding 
species) but resemble those of the Queen-of- 
the-prairie. 
The Queen-of-the-prairie (U/maria rubra, 
but known to gardeners as Spirea lobata) 
has pink flowers. Since the deepest 
color is naturally the showiest in all these 
spirea-like plants, the favorite variety of it 
is the carmine var. venusta (generally 
catalogued as Spire@a venusta). What dis- 
tinguishes the personality of this plant from 
the purple-stemmed meadowsweet is the 
side leaflets which spread out fingers in the 
same way as the terminal leaflet. 
Massa- 
Ornamental Fruits of September—By Alfred Rehder, x, 
FRUITING IS NOW THE ORDER OF NATURE, AND BY THE END OF SEPTEMBER YOUR 
GROUNDS SHOULD BE AS ATTRACTIVE AS IN SPRING—IF THEY ARE NOT, ACT NOW 
[Epiror’s Nore.—This is the fourth article in the series on Ornamental Fruits for Every Month, begun in the Fune number. 
but he writes these notes especially from the viewpoint of the needs of American gardens.| 
ie IS impossible not to become enthusi- 
astic about what you can do with 
berried shrubs at the time when your garden 
naturally begins to fail. Your annual and 
The dull red fruits of the cockspur thorn ripen 
late and often remain until spring 
other flowers are bound to diminish as the 
cold nights come, and while it is possible 
to have more flowers outdoors, even after 
frost, than people commonly suppose, the 
garden is then totally eclipsed by nature’s 
great show of autumn fruit and colors. We 
cannot compete with nature on autumn 
colors because we do not have her great scale 
of operations but we can beat nature at her 
own game by massing berried shrubs on our 
grounds. We can easily get a more brilliant 
show of these than we ordinarily see in nature, 
because we condense the picture and because 
cultivation produces more berries. 
If you wish a most delightful outing, make 
a pilgrimage to one of the great botanical 
gardens, drive to a park where the shrubs are 
labeled or take an automobile ride to one of 
the nurseries that make a specialty of shrubs 
in extra large sizes. Take thisarticle along as 
a guide to nature’s great autumn show. Check 
off the best things as fast as you learn them 
and while your own needs are fresh in mind 
order for fall delivery what your place needs 
to make it more attractive in the autumn. 
Weare so eager for you to enjoy the berries 
Mr. Rehder has had a cosmopolitan experience, 
here described that we will gladly tell you 
where the best collections are in your vicinity, 
if you care to ask us. — Eprror. 
The flowering dogwood is now as attractive in 
fruit as it was in flower earlier in the year 
