10 LIFE OF THE PLEISTOCENE 



Toleston Stage {pages 76-77) 

 Leverett refers to the section studied by Marcy in 1864 and adds a section 

 studied by himself in 1887, after the beach had been eroded from 75 to 100 feet 

 f plate IV, II). 



Section of Beach at Evans ton made in 1864 



1. Surface soil, sandy 1J^ feet 



2. Brown sand and fine gravel 2J^ " 



3. Coarser gravel, stratified 2J^ " 



4. Fine sand 2 " 



5. Gravel, containing bones of deer 1 1/3 " 



6. Fine sand, containing oak logs 1J^ " 



7. Peat or carbonaceous earth with a marl bed containing molluscan shells in the 



lower portion or interstratified with the peat 1J^ " 



8. Gravel 3% 



9. Humus soil, with stumps and logs (coniferous) J^ " 



10. Yellow clay, laminated and contorted, containing pockets of gravel 3J^ " 



11. Blue, pebbly clay 2 " 



Height of bluff 22 feet 



Section of Beach at Evanston in 1887 



Feet Inches 



1. Yellowish-red, iron-stained sand 3 to 5 



2. Band of bog iron ore, granular 4 to 6 



3. Gravel, with beds of sand included (the stratification is very irregu- 



lar in thickness and assorting very imperfect) 5 to 7 



4. Coarse sand, not calcareous 6 to 12 



5. Calcareous loam 3 



6. Yellow clay, very calcareous, with leaves imbedded 3 



7. Carbonaceous band, not calcareous 2 



8. Yellow calcareous clay, similar to No. 6 4 to 6 



9. Band of carbonaceous material, not calcareous 2 



10. Brown sand, with twigs and peaty material 8 to 10 



11. Water bearing sand and talus-covered slope 8 



Height of bluff 20 to 22 feet 



"The calcareous clays No. 6 and 8, of the last section, and Nos. 6 and 7 of 

 Dr. Marcy's section, contain numerous gasteropod shells. Dr. Marcy has 

 collected a large number of shells from this horizon, among which there are 

 Unios, apparently of several different species, but not specifically identified. 

 Mr. C. T. Simpson has identified nine different genera of mollusks, all of exist- 

 ing species, found in No. 7 of Dr. Marcy's section. Planorbis and Lymnea are 

 very abundant. Prof. D. P. Penhallow has identified two wood specimens, one 

 a new species of Picea (Picea evanstoni), the other a new oak (Quercus marcy ana) 

 (I). The bone of the deer, found by Dr. Marcy, is a portion of the femur. The 

 writer has found many localities in the sandy portions of this beach, where 



