4 LIFE OF THE PLEISTOCENE 



Calumet or Middle Beach 



The peat bed (page 184) mentioned by Dr. Andrews is discussed at some 

 length. It was found upon examination to extend completely under the 

 Calumet ridge and even to underlie certain portions of the lower beach. 

 The peat bed is said to contain the mangled remains of wood. Leverett 

 could trace this peat bed only a short distance west of the beach ridge (Cal- 

 umet), but the writer has found it extending westward for over a mile. 

 Leverett was unable to formulate a theory to account for the burying of the 

 peat bed beneath the lake beaches of sand and gravel. Mr. Leverett 

 states that near Summit "we are told that shells of Unios and of smaller 

 mollusks, also fragments of wood have been found at the base of the gravels, 

 but none were at hand at the time of our visit." The writer has collected 

 postglacial material at this locality, and the record is, therefore, authentic. 



Toleston or Lower Beach (page 188) 



A cut in the beach at Evanston gave the following section (made by Dr. 

 Oliver Marcy) : 



1. Surface soil, sandy 1J^ feet 



2. Brown sand and fine gravel 2J^ " 



3. Coarse gravel, stratified ly^ " 



4. Fine sand 2 



5. Gravel containing bones of deer 1}/$ " 



6. Fine sand containing oak logs 1^ " 



7. Peat or carbonaceous earth, with a marl bed containing molluscan shells in the 



lower portion, or interstratified with the peat 1% " 



8. Gravel \y 2 " 



9. Humus soil with cedar stumps and logs 4-6 inches ' 



10. Yellow clay laminated and contorted, containing pockets of gravel J>Yi feet 



11. Blue pebbly clay 2 



Height of bluff 22 



~VL "The bone is a portion of the femur of a deer (species not determined.) 



The oak wood is well preserved but the cedar is mangled and shivered. Pro- 

 fessor Marcy also has specimens of mollusks collected from the marl beds 

 associated with the peat in no. 7 of the above section. The following are 

 specifically identified: 1. Planorbis campanulatus; 2. Planorbis parva (par- 

 vus) 9 ; 3. Amnicola linosa (limosa) 9 ; 4. Pisidium dubium; 5. Cyclas sulrata 

 (Sphcerium sulcata = simile) 9 Unios of various sizes occur, which are not 

 specifically identified. There are also other molluscan remains not included 

 in the above species." 



9 These corrections are the author's. The section studied is the same as that mentioned 

 by Bannister on a previous page. 



