POST GLACIAL BIOTA OF THE GREAT LAKES REGION 151 



There are doubtless numerous small lakes in New York State which have 

 marl deposits containing the remains of an ancient fauna. No records of such 

 have come to the writer's notice, except one at West Chartton, Saratoga County, 

 from which Galba obrussa decampi was obtained. The locality is said to be an 

 extinct lake and the marl bed is under six feet of muck. 96 Near Schenectady, 

 fossil leaves have been found, 10-12 feet below the surface of the flats or alluvial 

 banks of the Mohawk River, in fine, black river mud. 97 



2. Remains of Land Animals 

 a. The Mastodon 



That the mastodon once ranged over the entire state of New York is clearly 

 indicated by a large number of its remains which have been found in widely 

 separated localities. Clarke 98 has published a list of the known records, which 

 is summarized below, arranged from the eastern to the western portion of the 

 state. 



Orange County. Montgomery, in marl beneath peat bog, 10-20 feet 

 beneath the surface; Near Chester, 99 Newburg, 100 Scotchtown, Hamptonburg, 

 Otisville, Monroe, Arden, Balmville, and Salisbury's Mills. The bones were 

 found in sand, clay, or shell marl, beneath a bed of muck or peat. 



Suffolk County. Between tides, four miles east of Riverhead; head of 

 Beaseley's Pond near Jamaica, on gravel under about 4 feet of muck. 101 



Sullivan County. Between Red Bridge and Wurtsboro. 



Ulster County. Ellenville. 



Duchess County. Poughkeepsie, in marsh. 



Greene County. Near Baltimore, Greenville, and Freehold. 



Columbia County. Claverack. 



Albany County. Coeymans. 



Wayne County. Macedon. 



Monroe County. Rochester, in hollow or watercourse; in Mount Hope 

 cemetery; along Genesee Valley canal, where it crosses Sophia Street, 4 feet 

 below the surface, in gravel covered by clay and loam, beneath a deposit of 

 shell marl, and about 2 feet above the poilshed limestone; bank of Ironde- 

 quoit Creek, two and one-half miles from Pittsf ord, 5 feet below the surface. 



M EB. McWilliams, In Smith. Inst. Coll. 



" Tomlinson, Amer. Journ. Sci., (i), XXIII, p. 207. 



•» New York State Museum, Bull. 69, pp. 921-933. 



" Hovey, in Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., XVIII, p. 147, says that this material was 6 feet 

 below the surface in soil consisting of loose black mould, mingled apparently with com- 

 minuted fibres of sea weeds, etc., underneath a pale bluish clay. 



100 Steams records the mollusk Planorbis parvus, with a mastodon from this locality 

 (Nautilus, Xm, p. 101). 



101 Brevoort, Proc. A. A. A. Sci., XII, pp. 232-234, 1858. 



