POSTGLACIAL BIOTA OF THE GREAT LAKES REGION 163 



Pisidiicm tennissimum Pyramidula cronkhitei anthotiyi 



" scutellatum Zonitoides arborea 



Of the Pisidia Dr. Sterki says, "it is interesting to note that most of the 

 species are represented by small and, in some cases, specifically northern forms." 



From the marls of the drained lakes on the island of Montreal 8 species of 

 fresh-water mollusks are recorded. 15511 



Sphaerium portumlium {=Miiscidium partumeiiim) Lymnaea stagnalis (possibly appressa) 



Planorbis campanidatus Physa heterostropha 



Planorbis partus Valvata tricarinata 



Planorbis bicarinatus ( = antrosiis) A mnicola porata 



4. Vertebrate Remains 



The mammoth and mastodon roamed over eastern Canada during post- 

 Wisconsin time and the remains of these animals have been found in many 

 places. Pan ton 156 mentions the following localities: 



Mastodon: Highgate, Ontario, in a marl bed. 



Mammoth: Shelburne, Ontario, in a marl bed. 



Other Proboscidia have been noted at St. Catharines, Dunnville, Kimball, 

 Goat Island, and Niagara Falls. Bell 157 records the mammoth from a swamp 

 on lot 9, Range VII, of the Township of Amaranth, Wellington County, fifty 

 miles northwest of Toronto; and the mastodon from banks of sand and gravel 

 in the valleys of Middle and Braddock rivers, in the central part of Cape 

 Breton Island, Nova Scotia. Chapman 158 records the mastodon from Mor- 

 peth, Kent Co., Ontario, in drift on a limestone ridge, 7 feet beneath the 

 surface. The recently described Cervalces borealis is reported from near 

 Brantford, Ontario, in post-Wisconsin deposits . 158a 



Both the elephant (Elephas columbi) and the mastodon reached a high 

 latitude in Canada either during the Nipissing episode or later. Bell reports 

 the remains of the elephant from the east side of Hudson Bay on Long Island; 

 from Edmonton, Alberta, in the bank of the North Saskatchewan River in 

 superficial deposits; and in the Valley of Shell River at its junction with its 

 east branch. The mastodon has been recorded from the bed of Moose River, 

 at the first bend below the junction of the Missinaibi and the Mattagami to 

 form the trunk stream. This is forty-six miles below Moose factory. Lignite 

 occurs in the bank of the river, and the deposit is thot possibly to be interglacial. 

 The elephant, mastodon, bison, and other vertebrates have been recorded from 



1554 Stansfield, Geol. Surv. Canada, Memoir 73, p. 68, 1915. 



« Rep. Brit. As. Ad. Aci., 61st Meeting, 1891, pp. 654-655, 1892. 



147 Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., LX, pp. 389-390. 



K8 Can. Journ. Ind. Sci. Art, N. S., Ill, pp. 56-57. 



1583 Hay, Iowa, Geol. Surv., XXIII, p. 263. 



