POSTGLACIAL BIOTA OF THE GREAT LAKES REGION 169 



The reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) has been found near Vincentown, Burling- 

 ton County, in green sand marl, at a depth of four feet. 184 The fine specimen 

 of Cervalces americanus ( = scotti) described by Scott, 185 and recorded from a marl 

 deposit under a bog at Mount Hermon, Warren County, six miles from Dela- 

 ware station, on the D.L. & W. R.R., is also to be included in the postglacial 

 fauna. 



3. Plant Remains 



Berry 186 has recorded a few species of plants from near Long Branch, 

 Monmouth County, in peat. The following species are listed: 



Species Present range 



• Jtiniperus? virginianus? (seed) Canada and New England to Florida 

 • Hicoria glabra? (seed) 



-j Vitis aestivalis (seed) Not now ranging N. of S. Maryland 

 " pseudorotundifolia (seed) 



Quercus ph-ellos " " " " " 

 . Taxodium distickum (cone scales) 



Pinus taeda (cones and scales) Northern limit Cape May Co., N. J. 



Zizyhus species Mainly tropical and not now found in 



northern coastal plain. 



Berry comments as follows on this collection of plants: "In Europe the 

 last glacial retreat was succeeded by a period during which the climate was 

 considerably warmer than it is at the present time as shown by the extension 

 of various members of the existing flora for many miles to the northward of 

 their present range. " The plants from the Long Branch locality are, perhaps, 

 subject to the same interpretation. 



B. MASSACHUSETTS 



Following the retreat of the Wisconsin ice sheet from the west-central 

 portion of the state, several lakes of good size were formed in the Connecticut 

 Valley. These lakes were three in number, were confluent, and have been 

 christened Hadley, Springfield, and Montague. In Lake Hadley, great delta 

 deposits w^ere formed at the mouths of such rivers as the Manham and the 

 Westfield, and these were later covered with alternate layers of fine clay and 

 sand in which certain plants were entombed. Of these deposits Emerson 

 writes as follows: 187 



"With the rise of each spring flood a new layer of sand and gravel was 

 carried across the delta flat, and the finest sand was spread in a thin layer far 

 out across the lake bottom, dwindhng in size of grain and thickness. In the 



181 Leidy, Proc. Phil. Acad., 1858, p. 179. 



I8S Amer. Nat., XIX, p. 495, 1895. 



185 Torreya, X, pp. 261-267, 1910. 



I87 Holyoke Folio, U. S. G. S., No. 50 p. 7; Mon. XXLX, U.S.G.S., pp. 739-740. 



