178 LIFE OF THE PLEISTOCENE 



A. THE OTTAWA VALLEY 



One of the best known localities from which a mixed biota has been*ob- 

 tained is near the mouth of Green's Creek, where it enters the Ottawa River, 

 in the Township of Gloucester, Carlton County, from six to ten miles below 

 the City of Ottawa. The fossil-bearing stratum, the Leda clay, is near the 

 water level and in the fall (usually in September) when the water is low, the 

 shore of the Ottawa River is strewn for a considerable distance with the fossils 

 which are enclosed in hard clay nodules. 200 The following localities, all in the 

 neighborhood of Ottawa, have yielded fossils: Besserer's wharf; creek near 

 bridge at Cyrville; Graham's brickyard, Ottawa East; right bank of Rideau 

 River, near Manotick Road; Gatineau Valley railway, half mile north of 

 Chelsea station; Odell's brickyard, Ottawa East; Wright's brickyard, north of 

 Tetreauville, Hull, Quebec. A very good idea of the life of the Champlain 

 substage may be gained from a study of the fossils assembled in this vicinity. 

 A list of these is given below: 



Land and fresh water biota in the vicinity of Ottawa 

 Terrestrial Plants 201 

 Arctostaphylos uw-ursi Gramineae species 



Acer sacckarinum Populus balsamifera 



" spicatum " grandidentata 



Alnus species Potcntilla anserina 



Betida lutea " norvegica 



Bromns ciliatus " canadensis 



Car ex magellanica " tridentata 



Cypcraceae species Thuja occidentalis 



Gaylussacia resinosa Trifolium repens 



Fresh Water Plants 



Drepanocladus fluitans ( = Hypnum) Potamogeton pectinatus 

 Algae species natans 



Brasenia peltata perfoliatus 



Elodea canadensis pusillus 



Equisetum scirpoidcs ridilus 



" limosum Typha latifolia? 



sylvaticitm Vallisneria spiralis 

 Drosera rolundifolia " species 



According to Penhallow, the vegetation on the whole is about the same as 

 that now living in the same locality. 



Animals (Mollusks) 

 Planorbis species Lymnaea slagnalis appressa 



2 »» Dawson, Can. Nat., N. S., Ill, p. 69; Bell, Geol. Can., pp. 972-973; Can.^Nat., V, p. 

 43; Ami, Rep. Prog., Can. Geol. Surv., 1899, pp. 51-56, G. 61 £ 



™ Penhallow and Coleman, Rep. Brit. A.A. Sci., 1898, pp. 522-529; 1899, pp. 411-414. ' 



