210 LIFE OF THE PLEISTOCENE 



In the sand above the gravel a number of mollusks occurred, in the upper 

 part of the deposit. 



Anodonta species Pisidium abditum 



Sphaerium strialinum Valvata iricarinala 



" simile{ = sidcalum) 



One crustacean, a Gammarus, occurred with the shells. 



Williston 45 lists the vertebrate fossils of Kansas, referring them to the late 

 Pleistocene (Champlain stage). In view of the modern conception of the com- 

 plexity of the Glacial Period, and in view, also, of the high percentage of 

 extinct species recorded, the fauna would seem to be referable to preglacial 

 time, or late Pliocene. As Williston remarks, however, all of the material 

 may not be contemporaneous in time. The species listed (excepting Homo 

 sapiens) are as follows. 



Mammut americanum( = giganleum) Equus complicatus 



Elephas primigenius " curvidens 



" imperator? Platygonus compressus 



Bison americanum (?) Camelops kansanus 



" antiquus Auckenia huerfanensis 



" crampianus Camelids, species indet. 



" alleni Megalonyx leidyi 



Aids species Mylodon? species 



Equus major Cams lupus 



" excels us " species 



" occidentalis Geomys bursarius 



The Nebraskan drift frequently contains wood which it has picked up as it 

 has overridden a preglacial forest. Such are recorded from Louisa County, 48 

 and Jefferson County, 47 Iowa. 



Interesting deposits of Pleistocene animals, as well as plants, have been 

 found in caves in Newton Co., Arkansas 47 * (the Conrad fissure) and near 

 Cumberland, 48 Maryland, but these are thot to be of later date than the Port 

 Kennedy and Hay Springs deposits. Hay believes the Conrad fissure fauna 

 to be of Sangamon interglacial age. As these deposits are beyond the limits 

 of the ice-covered territory, the fauna is not here listed. 



« Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, II, pp. 297-308. 



« Udden, Geol. Iowa, XI, pp. 101-111. 



« Udden, op. cit., XII, pp. 422-428. 



« a Mem. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., IX, pp. 157-208, 1903. 



" Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XL VI, pp. 93-102, 1913. 



