THE KANSAN ICE INVASION 275 



and referable to the Illinoian invasion. The fauna beneath this terrace deposit 

 must therefore be pre-Illinoian or Yarmouth in age. 



A number of mammals have been reported from strata apparently of Yar- 

 mouth age. Winchell 116 cites Mastodon remains in Clarke County, in the 

 Township of Utica, at a depth of 30 feet, in gravel or altered drift. Also in 

 high lands about Charleston and in other elevated positions about the town, 

 pine and cedar wood in wells. Wylie 117 records Elephas primigenius from a 

 deposit one mile southeast of Gosport, Owen County; bones were found in a 

 bed of sand 8 feet below the surface, underlying blue clay, the latter Illinoian 

 drift. Leidy 118 reports Dicotyles {Mylohyus) nasutus from a depth of 30-40 

 feet below the surface in Gibson County. While it is not possible to place this 

 record without doubt in any horizon, the presumption is greatly in favor of its 

 being pre-Illinoian and hence a member of the Yarmouth fauna. The masto- 

 don is reported from Posey County, near the mouth of the Wabash River, in a 

 well 60 feet beneath the surface. 119 This record is also probably pre-IUinoian. 



What are thot to be pre-Illinoian soils occur in Pike and Gibson counties. 

 A typical section from each county is shown below: 1211 



5. W. of Petersburg, Pike County 



Blue mud 61 feet 



Logs of wood, lumps of coal, (lignite), etc 1 foot 



Gravel 1 " 



Soft clay (no pebbles reported) 35 feet 



Sandstone x 



iV. W. of Francisco, Gibson County 



Dirt and sand 12 feet 



"Ash loam" 4 " 



Blue clay 60 " 



Quicksand 30 " 



Coal (lignite) " 4 inches 



Gravel with water x 



"About five miles west of Wheeling, which is outside the limits of the 

 quadrangle, a clay with abundant pebbles of the type characterizing Illinoian 

 drift was found overlying a true loess carrying common loess fossils, which in 

 turn rested on an oxidized drift sheet. " m The loess is probably of Yarmouth 

 age, and the older drift may be of Kansan age. 



118 Proc. Amer. Assoc. Ad. Sci., XXIV, p. 50. 



"'Amer. Journ. Sci., (ii), XXV11I, p. 283. 



118 Proc. Phil. Acad. Sci., 1860, p. 416. 



"•Hay, An. Rep. Dep. Geol. Nat. Res. lnd., XXXVI, p. 711. 



120 Ditney Folio, U. S. Geol. Surv., No. 84, p. 3. 



151 Op. cit.,p. 3. 



