112 



THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 



March, 1914 



Hardy English Walnut Orchards 



No longer an experiment 

 in Zero Climates 



Plant an English Walnut orchard this Spring. Make a beginning 

 and add to it each season. No bank failures, business depres- 

 sions, nor trust investigations can interfere with this source of 

 pleasure and income, for its rock foundation is the devolopment 

 of a natural resource. Start with rugged acclimated trees, grown 

 under severe climatic conditions, with temperature far belcw 

 zero at times. Conditions that breed irod-clad vigor and 

 vitality; and that produce trees so hardy, they may 

 be planted in cold climates with the same assurance 

 of successful fruiting as Peach trees. 



We believe this is the only northern locality, where 

 commercial orchards of English Walnuts may be seen, 

 some of them containing hundreds of trees which 

 have been bearing regularly for more than twenty 

 years. 



For the lawn or driveway, English Walnut is exqui- 

 sitely beautiful with its smooth light gray bark, luxu- 

 riant dark green foliage, lofty .symmetrical growth. A 

 homeful tree to plant about the home. Rochester 

 parks and public streets contain many beautiful bear- 

 ing trees, apparently as hardy asthe Maples and Elms. 

 At least, thriving under the same conditions, and pro- 

 ducing annually deliciousnutsas well as shade. Truly 

 a most delightful combination. 



We have unlimited faith in trees bred and grown 

 under these conditions, and are sure that those who 

 plant our hardy strains of English Walnuts will be 

 well pleased. 



The picture shows a Mayo English Walnut tree planted in 1907, 

 began bearing in 1911. Superior quality, extreme hardiness, 

 early bearer, safe to plant. 



Oar 1914 Catalog and Planting Guide — 

 Includes Nut Culture, fruits, Roses, Shrubs, 

 Evergreens, etc. , Mailed free on Request. 



Glen Bros., Inc., Glenwood Nursery. 



Ettab'd 1866. 2206 Main St., Rochester, N. Y. 



We Make Sprayers 

 for Everybody 



Bucket, Barrel, Four-Row 

 Potato Sprayers, Power Orchard Rigs, etc. 



Directions and formula free. 



This Empire King 



leads everything of its kind. Throws 



fine mist spray with 



strong force. No 



clogging, strainers 



are brushed and kept 



clean, liquid thoroughly 



agitated automatically. 



CATALOGUE FREE 



.•*':'!': '''4 We have the sprayer to 



'7 1 •':''••% meet your exact wants* 



" " ' ( ' v Address 



FIELD FORCE PUMP CO. 



48 Eleventh Street, Elmira, New York 



Grape Vines 



Gooseberries and Currants 



ESfcw 4 



Forthevineyard„forthehomegarden, 

 we have just what you need. Best 

 varieties and finest grade of stock— 

 f guaranteed true. We are the largest and most 

 successful growers of grape vines and small 

 fruits in the country. 



Book on Grape Culture — Free 



Nogrape growercan afford to be without., 

 , this practical book. It contains valu- 



^»^ able information ; tells you things that 



we have learned only after years of prac- 

 tical experience. Planting, cultivating, prun- 

 ing. All this store of helpful knowledge is 

 yours for the asking. 



Write today for free copy, 

 k T. S. HUBBARD CO., Box 53 

 Fredonia, N. Y 



Garden 

 Magazii 



3- '4 

 Funk & 

 Wagnalls 

 Company 

 New York, N. Y. 

 I enclose $2.15, 

 which send me, all car- 

 riage charges paid, a copy 

 of "THE ROSE BOOK" 

 as advertised in Garden 

 Magazine. 



Name- ■ ■ 

 Address 

 Citu .... 

 State . . . 



Sign and Send This Coupon TODAY 



If You Could SEE It- Just Once-You'd WANT It! 



The most beautiful book published on the subject of Roses 

 and Rose-growing. Illustrated with over 70 full-page plates in 

 color and half-tone; and embracing within its pages a vast 

 fund of practical knowledge concerning Rose selection, and every 

 phase of Rose culture. 



"The Rose Book" 



An all-year-round guide for the lover or grower of Roses. 

 By H. H. Thomas, author of "The Ideal Garden," "The 

 Garden at Home," etc., assisted by Mr. Walter Easlea, 

 Member of the Council of the National Rose Society, of 

 Great Britain. 



In addition to the unusually beautiful pictures which the 

 book contains, the practical section gives full and complete 

 guidance in 



How to Plant — How to Care For — How to 

 Perfect Various Types of Roses 



Rose gardens in general — situation — soil — planting — pruning — budding — 

 layering — grafting — seed — cuttings — manures for "Roses — diseases and 

 insect pests — Roses for the greenhouse — Rose hedges — Roses for walls 

 — Roses for fences, arches, pillars, etc. — Rose-growing for exhibi- 

 tion — lists of varieties for various purposes, etc. 



Sign and send us the Coupon herewith, with check, 

 money order, stamps or other form of remittance, and we will 

 immediately forward the book. 



FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY 



354-60 Fourth Avenue NEW YORK N. Y. 



which they considered the safety point. On the 

 preceding night there was a terrific blizzard. The 

 wind blew a gale, and there was a snowfall of more 

 than eight inches, a very trying weather condition 

 for the free burning of oil. In spite of these unusu- 

 ally severe tests, the temperature was kept up to 

 the safety point for more than five hours. As an 

 experiment, several acres of the test orchard were 

 left unprotected. On the heated part there was a 

 banner crop, more than 15,000 boxes, while on the 

 several acres not heated, with one hundred ten-year 

 old trees in full bearing, there was not a box of 

 apples. 



In the early days of orchard heating, a man was 

 detailed each night during the possible frost season 

 to watch the tested thermometers in different parts 

 of the orchard and at the farm house some distance 

 away. Nowadays he leaves the frost alarm ther- 

 mometer to watch for him. This electric watch- 

 man consists of a specially made thermometer with 

 a fine platinum wire fused into the mercury at the 

 freezing point or at whatever is considered the 

 danger mark. As soon as the mercury sinks below 

 this wire, which is connected with a battery and 

 alarm at the head of the bed where the orchard 

 boss sleeps, the circuit is broken and the alarm 

 rings. 



Heating in the spring of ioio was much easier 

 than the year before, and proved more conclusively 

 the effectiveness of the fires. The crop in the 

 Colorado fruit area for 1010 averaged about fifty- 

 five per cent, of a full crop. The unheated orchards 

 yielded from twenty to seventy-five per cent, of a 

 crop, while the yield on the protected orchards was 

 from ninety-five to one hundred per cent, so heavy 

 that thinning was necessary in many of them. 



Individual evidence as to the efficiency of orchard 

 heating in every fruit growing state could be multi- 

 plied indefinitely. Fruit crops valued at $250 to 

 $750 an acre have been saved at a cost of $7 to $10 

 an acre. 



A Colorado grower with fifty heaters to the acre 

 raised the temperature of his 40-acre orchard from 

 eighteen to twenty-eight degrees and produced 

 forty-one carloads of apples. An Iowa grower placed 

 1,000 of the small single-burning oil pots in his 

 orchard of 900 trees. The temperature was held 

 to thirty-three degrees in the orchard while it was 

 twenty-three outside and accompanied by a heavy 

 snow and a gale of wind. He harvested a full crop 

 of apples, the only one in the state, at a cost of 

 only seven cents a bushel for the heating. An 

 orchard owner in the Rogue River Valley of Oregon 

 saved ten acres of apples valued at $6,000 at a 

 cost of $6 an acre, where one freeze of the previous 

 year had destroyed his entire crop. In a neighbor- 

 ing orchard which has yielded as high as $1,000 an 

 acre a full crop was saved. In Missouri a 240-acre 

 orchard in a deep valley had suffered severely from 

 frost every year and had not produced a full crop 

 for fourteen years. Against the advice of the 

 wiseacres two brothers from Kansas City bought 

 it and equipped it with 5,000 heaters. They har- 

 vested a crop of 15,000 barrels of apples, valued 

 at $45,000, and it was the only crop in that fruit 

 growing section. This has revived a whole fruit 

 growing community in which land had been steadily 

 depreciating in value by reason of the regular 

 devastation by frost. An orange grower of Texas 

 held the temperature in his orchard at twenty-two 

 degrees while it was at fourteen outside and the 

 wind blowing at a velocity of forty miles an hour. 



The fuel to be used in orchard heating depends 

 on the availability of wood, coal, or oil; the cost, 

 supply and efficiency of labor; and the weather 

 conditions to be expected. The fuel must be easy 

 to light, must burn a long time, give out a good 

 heat, must be easily controlled and capable of en- 

 during severe weather conditions. It is now pretty 

 generally agreed that oil best meets these require- 

 ments. A good estimate of the total expense of 

 installing a complete outfit on an average ten acre 

 orchard is about as follows: 



Heaters , ^200 to $250 



One 3,000 gallon cement tank ?° „ ' 5 



One 200 gallon tank for wagon 20 2a 



Four gasoline cans for lighting l( ° 



Three good thermometers 3 (1 3 



Frost alarm thermometer 2 ° 2S 



Total $ 3'0 " $381 



Illinois. Omar H. Sample. 



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