298 



THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 



June, 1914 



is to take, and the bricks laid on this bed 

 as close together as possible. The bricks 

 are then rammed into place by means of a 

 suitable pounder and the walks covered 

 with a light sprinkling of sand which is 

 broomed into the joints, a small amount 

 being allowed to remain on the surface to be 

 carried into the joints by traffic and rain. 



Common building brick are not suitable 

 for use in walks as they are too soft and 

 have but little adhesive strength, breaking 

 easily under light blows. Either "pavers" 

 or a hard burned building brick of a cheaper 

 grade, or tapestry brick will make good 

 walks. A dry walk built of bricks costing 

 10 dollars per thousand will cost twenty 



cents per square foot, and laying in cement, 

 using a concrete foundation, will add ten or 

 fifteen cents to this cost. It is a waste of 

 money to set the bricks in mortar upon a 

 sand foundation, for unless there is an un- 

 yielding base which cannot be affected by 

 frost, the mortar will crack loose and you 

 will have a dilapidated walk in a year or two. 



SYMPOSIUM 



ON THE 

 EVER NEW 



YET OLD 

 QUESTION: 



ARE BUDDED 



PLANTS 

 REALLY BET- 

 TER THAN 

 OWN ROOTS? 



[Editors' Note: In a recent issue of The Garden Magazine a correspondent expressed himself very definitely as preferring budded or grafted rose plants 

 to plants on their own roots {cuttings). Exception has been taken to that statement as being too general, too sweeping in its terms, although our correspondent, it may 

 be noted, qualified his remarks by restricting their application to cold climates. In the belief that a fair and thorough presentation of the facts based on actual experi- 

 ence, would be of real help in this perplexing problem, we have invited expression from many rose lovers. Some of these are here presented — others will appear later. 

 And in the meantime, we extend an invitation to our readers to contribute any actual facts that may have a bearing on the problem — mere opinions will not help; 

 we ask for facts. The truth probably lies all around; by that we mean that there can be no one general answer to the question. Demonstration plots have been 

 established this year at the Country Life Press Gardens, where visitors may see for themselves how the various kinds of plants behave under the peculiar conditions of 

 Garden City, N. Y .} 



Jens Jensen, Landscape Architect and 

 former Park Superintendent, Says: 



"We have in the parks a great number 

 of Tea roses and Hybrid Perpetuals. I 

 am planting very few H.P. as the Teas 

 blooming all summer are so satisfactory 

 with us. The Hybrid Teas make better 

 root systems of their own than on grafted 

 stock, and as this climate is very unfavor- 

 able for roses, due to the dry summers and 

 cold winters, their own roots will stand 

 droughts better and they rarely freeze 

 out, whereas on the grafted or briar stock 

 everything winter kills except the briar 

 itself; or there may be a little shrivelled 

 wood left which keeps you guessing what 

 the result will be. Plants on their own 

 roots you can cut back close to the ground 

 and you are sure that it is not a briar that 

 is coming up, but the desired variety; be- 

 sides Teas bloom sooner from their own 

 roots. 



Grafted Tea roses are not nearly as 

 lasting as their own root stock. They 

 will have to be looked after continually 

 or the wild wood is liable to take possession 

 and crowd out the grafted stock. As for 

 the Hybrid Perpetuals there is no question 

 but that the grafted stock is best. Their 

 hardy nature resembles more that of the 

 briar or Manetti and they make very poor 

 roots of their own. Grafting makes them 

 more floriferous and there is a great need 

 for this. 



A friend of mine agrees with me; and 

 he further states that few people want 

 roses in their gardens that do not bloom 

 more or less the entire summer, especially 

 the Hybrid Perpetuals that with us bloom 

 for only a few weeks in June. He also 



states that the large rose growers in the 

 United States are all growing own root 

 roses. The day of the Hybrid Tea rose 

 is just coming and you will see that the 

 grafted stock will not be wanted. 

 Chicago, 111. 



R. Janicke, an Amateur of Missouri: 

 Budded roses are very useful for im- 

 mediate effect and give an abundance 

 of flowers the first season, but are short 

 lived compared to own root roses. Bud- 

 ded roses must be planted deep enough 

 to cover the union of cion and root to 

 prevent suckers from root and winter 

 killing of cion. This deep planting causes 

 the formation of a crown of fibrous, feeding 

 roots from the cion, while the hriar stock 

 will form very few feeding roots and grad- 

 ually dwindles away. Own root roses 

 usually have a very dense fibrous root 

 system and live longer than budded plants. 

 To develop the individuality of every 

 variety, roses should be grown on their 

 own roots. 



A few of the newer varieties of Hybrid 

 Perpetuals, Austrian Briar Hybrids (Per- 

 netiana), and a few Hybrid Teas are weak 

 growers on own roots, and will form more 

 perfect flowers if budded on the strong 

 growing briar or Manetti. These few 

 exceptions should be accepted as a nec- 

 essary evil and budding should therefore 

 be restricted to these weak growers. 



In our climate small potgrown roses of 

 the Polyanthas, Teas, Hybrid Teas and 

 Bengals will bloom splendidly the first 

 year and develop into strong plants by fail. 

 After the first heavy frost in November the 

 leaves should be stripped and the plant 



taken up and planted closely in a cold 

 frame or sheltered spot in the garden and 

 well covered with dry leaves or hay, pro- 

 tecting further with tar paper or boards 

 to keep out rain and the winter sun, but 

 should be subjected to light freezes. The 

 following spring these roses are thoroughly 

 rested and will flower more abundantly 

 and freely than any budded roses. 

 St. Joseph, Mo. 



Admiral Aaron Ward thus states the 

 result of years of close observation on Long 

 Island: 



"To be of any use, a statement of pref- 

 erences in rose stocks for open ground 

 plants should give some idea of the con- 

 ditions on which the choice is based. In 

 my case, the plants are in an old garden 

 on the North Shore of Long Island, close 

 to salt water, good exposure and free 

 circulation of air. The soil, two feet of 

 sandy loam with subsoil of sand. 



Omitting climbers, the varieties some 

 twenty years ago were mostly Hybrid 

 Perpetuals, Chinas, small Polyanthas, and 

 Bourbons; at present chiefly Hybrid Teas, 

 all dwarfs or so-called bush roses, no stand- 

 ards. The temperature ranges from about 

 3 below zero in winter to 98 degrees in 

 summer, the extremes being reached only 

 two or three times in a season. 



The forms of growth have been on own 

 root; or budded, on Manetti, on briar 

 cuttings, or on seedling briar, the Manetti 

 and briar cutting not used, when avoidable, 

 in recent years. The form preferred is 

 budded on seedling briar; reason, better 

 all around results than obtained with the 

 other forms above named. Too many of 



