NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY 



GEOGRAPHIC ADMINISTRATION BUILDINGS 

 SIXTEENTH AND M STREETS NORTHWEST, WASHINGTON, D. C. 



GILBERT GROSVENOR, President HENRY WHITE, Vice-President 



JOHN OLIVER LA GORGE, Vice-President O. P. AUSTIN', Secretary 



JOHN JOY EDSON, Treasurer GEO. W. HUTCHISON, Associate Secretary 



BOYD TAYLOR, Assistant Treasurer EDWIN P. GROSVENOR, General Counsel 



FREDERICK V. COVILLE, Chairman Committee on Research 



EXECUTIVE STAFF OF THE national GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE 



GILBERT GROSVENOR, editor 



JOHN OLIVER LA GORGE, Associate Editor 

 WILLIAM J. SHOWALTER RALPH A. GRAVES FRANKLIN L. FISHER 



Assistant Editor Assistant Editor Chief of Illustrations Division 



J. R. IIILDEBRAND, Chief of School Service 



BOARD OF TRUSTEES 



CHARLES J. BELL 



President American Security and 

 Trust Company 



JOHN JOY EDSON 



Chairman of the Boar(L Wash- 

 ington Loan & T ll *st Company • 



DAVID' 'FAIR'CHIL'D.' •* " ' - - •' / 

 In Charge. <4i Agricultural Ex- 

 plorati6ns, U. S. Department 

 of Agriculture , t , ( ,,,,,, ( ( 



C. HART M<S;WAM; ! \'l ". ! 7 



Member 'Na'd'onai ' 'Acaderhy ' 'o'i 

 Sciences, 



o. p. austin: t ««, ....;•: # . ( 



Statistician 1 , « ' « ,' ■' J J j < * ', ' 



GEORGE R. PUTNAM ' ' ' 



Commissioner U. S. Bureau of 

 Lighthouses 



GEORGE SHIRAS, 30 



Formerly Member U. S. Con- 

 gress, Faunal Naturalist, and 

 Wild-game Photographer 



E. LESTER JONES 



Director U. S. Coast and Geo- 

 detic Survey 



WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT 

 Chief Justice of the United States 



GRANT SQUIRES 



Military Intelligence Division, 

 , t General Staff, New York 



;0J ^..CHESTER 



' "Rear' Admiral U. S. Navy, For- 

 iWly Supt. U. S. Naval Ob- 

 i servatory 



^FREDERICK V. COVILLE 



Botanist, U. S. Department of 

 ( , Agriculture 



'.RUDQLPH KAUFFMANN 

 ', Managing Editor The Evening 

 Star 



T. L. MACDONALD 

 M. D., F. A. C. S. 



S. N. D. NORTH 



Formerly Director U. S. Bureau 

 of Census 



JOHN OLIVER LA GORCE 

 Associate Editor National Geo- 

 graphic Magazine 



ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL 

 Inventor of the telephone 

 Died August 2, 1922 



J. HOWARD GORE 



Prof. Emeritus Mathematics, The 

 George Washington University 



A. W. GREELY 



Arctic Explorer, Major General 

 U. S. Army 



GILBERT GROSVENOR 



Editor of National Geographic 

 Magazine 



GEORGE OTIS SMITH 



Director, U. S. Geological Survey 



O. H. TITTMANN 



Formerly Superintendent U. S. 

 Coast and Geodetic Survey 



HENRY WHITE 



Member American Peace Com- 

 mission, Formerly U. S. Am- 

 bassador to France, Italy, etc. 



STEPHEN T. MATHER 



Director National Park Service 



ORGANIZED FOR "THE INCREASE AND DIFFUSION OF GEOGRAPHIC KNOWLEDGE' 



TO carry out the purposes for which it 

 was founded thirty-four years ago, the Na- 

 tional Geographic Society publishes this Magazine. All 

 receipts are invested in the Magazine itself or ex- 

 pended directly to promote geographic knowledge. 



ARTICLES and photographs are desired. 

 For material which the Magazine can use, 



generous remuneration is made. Contributions should 

 be accompanied by an addressed return envelope and 

 postage. 



IMMEDIATELY after the terrific eruption 

 of the world's largest crater, Mt. Katmai, in 



Alaska, a National Geographic Society expedition was 

 sent to make observations of this remarkable phenom- 

 enon. Four expeditions have followed and the extra- 

 ordinary scientific data resultant given to the world. 

 In this vicinity an eighth wonder of the world was 

 discovered and explored — "The Valley of Ten Thou- 

 sand Smokes," a vast area of steaming, spouting 

 fissures. As a result of The Society's discoveries this 

 area has been created a National Monument by proc- 

 lamation of the President of the United States. 



AT an expense of over $50,000 The Society 

 sent a notable series of expeditions into 

 Peru to investigate the traces of the Inca race. Their 



discoveries form a large share of our knowledge of a 

 civilization which was waning when Pizarro first set 

 foot in Peru. 



THE Society also had the honor of sub- 

 scribing a substantial sum to the historic 



expedition of Admiral Peary, who discovered the 

 North Pole. 



NOT long ago The Society granted $25,000, 

 and in addition $75,000 was given by in- 

 dividual members through The Society to the Federal 

 Government when the congressional appropriation for 

 the purchase was insufficient, and the finest of the 

 giant sequoia trees of California were thereby saved 

 for the American people and incorporated into a 

 National Park. 



THE Society is conducting extensive ex- 

 plorations and excavations in northwestern 

 New Mexico, which was one of the most densely 

 populated areas in North America before Columbus 

 came, a region where prehistoric peoples lived in vast 

 communal dwellings whose ruins are ranked second 

 to none of ancient times in point of architecture, and 

 whose customs, ceremonies and name have been 

 engulfed in an oblivion more complete than any other 

 people who left traces comparable to theirs. 



Copyright, 1923, by National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C. All rights reserved. 



