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appeals strangely to the wild tribes of 

 north Africa, and millions have adopted 

 it. Many are carelessly called Arabs be- 

 cause they are Moslems, or because they 

 can speak Arabic, or because they wear a 

 picturesque make-up of town Arab and 

 Bedouin garments. 



"Invasion, however, is not the only dis- 

 turbing element," a British military re- 

 port says. ''The natives of the Sudan, 

 even when they have adopted a more or 

 less settled life, are great travelers; traffic 

 in human flesh and conquest for the sake 

 of human flesh have nowhere been pur- 

 sued so long and so thoroughly. The na- 

 tive changes his abode without hesitation, 

 and his love of strange women is passing 

 Solomon's. 



"The real Arab appears to dominate the 

 northern part of the Sudan, from Egypt 

 to Kordofan, though he has nowhere ex- 

 terminated the original inhabitants ; he 

 has in many cases not yet succeeded in 

 forcing his own language on them, but he 

 has intermarried freely with them, and 

 the resulting mixture calls itself Arabian. 

 It is an old saying in Egypt that you can't 

 tell a Turk of the third generation from a 

 native of the Nile country." 



The Sudan, say the Egyptians, is an 

 integral part of Egypt ; but it was con- 

 quered, misgoverned, and lost by succes- 

 sive khedives, and for years and years it 

 was exploited by Egypt for ivory, gold, 

 and slaves. Both socially and ethnologi- 

 cally, it differs from Egypt. 



The Sudanese do not like the Egyptians ; 

 their only common tie is that both live on 

 the waters of the Nile. Just now, too, the 

 project of building the new Nile dams in 

 the Sudan is arousing much excitement in 

 Egypt, where the fellaheen fear that they 

 may be robbed of some of their ancient 

 irrigation rights. And water, at best, is 

 not always too plentiful in Egypt. 



By virtue of an agreement made back 

 in 1899, Great Britain shares the pro- 

 tectorate over the Sudan with Egypt ; but 

 Englishmen actually govern the country. 



It is a region, apparently, of vast agri- 

 cultural possibilities. If present projects 

 are carried out, the Sudan may one day 

 grow as much cotton as Egypt itself. 



EGYPT IS AHEAD OF TURKEY 



Rejoicing now in her new freedom, and 

 with the increase of agriculture and the 

 growth of irrigation works and railways 

 along the Nile, Egypt is gradually assum- 

 ing a more prominent place in the affairs 

 of the world. Her new government, 

 steered by Europeanized Egyptians, adds 

 another non-Christian unit to the family 

 of nations. Her long Erench and British 

 tutelage undoubtedly leaves her better 

 equipped for self-rule than either Persia 

 or Turkey. 



In education, as well as in railways, 

 irrigation works, newspapers, and law 

 courts, Egypt is and will be far in advance 

 of Turkey ; yet she must still lack the 

 force and security for progress which 

 Christianity brings. Lord Cromer once 

 said : "The de-moslemized Moslem, al- 

 though he is wholly unaware of the de- 

 fect, is inferior in one respect wherein his 

 inferiority cannot be removed by a stroke 

 of the pen ; for the civilized European, as 

 we understand him, although he may not 

 be an orthodox Christian, is, in spite of 

 himself, to a great extent the outcome of 

 Christianity and would not be what he is 

 had he not 1900 years of Christianity be- 

 hind him." 



In Cairo and London, men think mainly 

 of politics and agriculture when Egypt's 

 affairs are mentioned. To most Amer- 

 icans, however, the name Egypt still 

 means the home of the Sphinx and the 

 whirling dervish, the land of the mummy 

 and the scarab, a desert realm of camels 

 and white-robed sheiks, where long ago 

 the troubles of the Children of Israel first 

 began. 



And yet — you who know Egypt, you 

 who have come under the spell of the 

 Nile — you can forgive that Frenchman 

 who wept when he saw the Pyramids ! 



