LISBON, THE CITY OF THE FRIENDLY BAY 



511 



Again, 334 years 

 ago the Invincible 

 Armada of Spain and 

 her vassal, Portugal, 

 under the Duke of 

 Medina Sidonia, gath- 

 ered in the "Friendly 

 Bay," and on May 20, 

 1588, swept down the 

 Tagus to the sea with 

 all the pomp of the 

 mightiest empire of 

 the age — a fleet of 

 130 ships, rating 57,- 

 868 tons, armed with 

 2,431 guns, and 

 manned by 30,493 

 veterans of Spanish 

 conquest. 



The first sight of 

 the Armada off the 

 English coast was the 

 signal for battle, and 

 from that day, July 

 19, until the final 

 great encounter off 

 Gravelines, France, 

 on July 29, the Eng- 

 lish fleet under How- 

 ard of Effingham and 

 his lieutenants, Drake, 

 Frobisher, and Haw- 

 kins, gave Sidonia a 

 running fight which 

 whittled his force to 

 impotency, at the 

 same time giving Eng- 

 land the start which 

 placed her in the 

 proud and highly sat- 

 isfactory position of 

 Grandmother-in-Chief 

 of the Seven Seas — a 

 enjoys 



Photograph by A. W. Cutler 



THE HULLS OF PRESENT-DAY PORTUGUESE FISHING-SMACKS 

 HAVE THE LINES OP ANCIENT PHOENICIAN CRAFT 



Even the carving on the high prows proclaims the origin of these 

 sturdy boats, which give a colorful interest to the waters of the 

 Friendly Bay. 



position she still 



THE CITY RESEMBLES AN UNDULATING 

 FIELD OF COLORED MARBLE 



As our ship gained the offing south of 

 Lisbon Bar, a rakish-rigged schooner 

 "wore ship" under our very bow and slid 

 alongside on the windward hand. On her 

 quarter we read "Pilotos," and a queer 

 legend, made up of letters and figures, 

 reached nearly across her mildewed main- 

 sail. 



The dark-complexioned pilot once on 



board, his credentials as a member of the 

 "Corporation of Pilots of the River Bar 

 of Lisbon" duly acknowledged, and his 

 right to collect five good American dollars 

 for every foot of water our ship drew 

 grudgingly admitted, we speeded up and 

 pointed our steel prow in the direction of 

 the channel between Point Lage on the 

 port hand and Point Calha on the star- 

 board, boundaries of the narrow gateway 

 into Lisbon Harbor. 



In a few moments we could see the tile- 

 roofed heights of Lisbon. With that sky 

 and that sunlight the city shone like an 



