LISBON, THE CITY OF THE FRIENDLY BAY 



541 



Photograph by A. W. Cutler 

 A VENDER OE KEROSENE ON HIS MORNING ROUND IN LISBON 



pavement, laid in a mosaic pattern which 

 produces an optical illusion responsible 

 for its popular nickname, "Rolling-Mo- 

 tion Square" (see pages 536-537). 



A THEATER GRACES THE MEDIEVAI, 

 PRISON SITE 



A large column in the center of the 

 Rocio supports a bronze statue of Dom 

 Pedro IV, one-time Emperor of Brazil 

 and King of Portugal. Two bronze foun- 

 tains, equidistant from the column at 

 either end of the square, preserve its 

 symmetry and afford bathtubs for all the 

 pigeons in Estremadura Province. 



At the north end of the square is the 

 imposing theater of Dona Maria II, re- 

 markable successor of the trial court and 

 medieval prison — a place of horrors which 

 has become a place of enjoyment. The 

 other sides of the square are bounded 

 by streets with mercantile establishments. 

 Double rows of vigorous trees on the east 

 and west sides add the shade so necessary 

 to the public enjoyment of parks and 

 plazas. 



From the northwest corner of the Rocio 

 one enters the Largo de Camoes, a small 

 square, on the west side of which is the 



Central Railway Station and the Avenida 

 Palace Hotel, two important buildings 

 from the traveler's standpoint. The 

 Largo is really a connecting plaza be- 

 tween the Rocio and the Avenida da 

 Liberdade, the Champs Elysees of Lisbon. 

 With the Rocio and the Avenida begins 

 the formal and semi-official section of the 

 Cidade Baixa. 



Only students of Portuguese history 

 may understand the real significance of 

 the names of streets, avenues, parks, and 

 buildings in this section of the city. Its 

 beauty is another matter; all may see it 

 who will. 



SQUARE AND AVENUE COMMEMORATE 

 GREAT EVENT ' 



Although the "new city," the Baixa is 

 not without its charm. The skill of archi- 

 tects, horticulturists, and silviculturists 

 has been lavished upon it ; so also has the 

 artistry of sculptors and gardeners and 

 the ingenuity of municipal engineers. In 

 consequence, the whole district is a de- 

 light. Starting at the south end of the 

 Avenida, at the Praqa dos Restauradores, 

 a park-like thoroughfare leads straight out 

 to the plateau of Estremadura. 



