June. 1 i) 1 ^ 



T II E G A II 1) E N M A G A Z I N E 



309 



Without this necessary soil, also, the 

 nodding wake-robin {Trillium cernuum) 

 can never be successfully grown. Left to 

 themselves plants of the latter will de- 

 velop into beautiful patches of nodding 

 white, and purplish-white color. 



Purple or violet flowered. Without much 

 special soil preparation the wonderful 

 European dog's-tooth violet {Erythronium 

 dens-canis) can easily grow to be a delight 

 in a suitably half-shaded place. It spreads 

 rapidly and' from a few bulbs great results 

 may be attained. Contrasted with the 

 rose-purple flowers of this little known 

 foreigner our native lungwort {Mcrtensia 

 Virginica) makes a harmonious contrast. 

 It also requires half-shade. Moist situa- 

 tions, too, are preferable, not only for the 

 lungwort, but also for the great Russian 

 violet. The latter, a perfectly hardy, 

 double-flowered favorite, all too little 

 known in this country, has splendid 

 fragrant blossoms. 



More difficult of cultivation, as they 

 require the woodland conditions of undis- 

 turbed growth, and deep shade, is our 

 violet wood-sorrel {Oxalis vioiacea) which 

 will make a beautiful carpet of rose-purple 

 flowers. Growing naturally with it in the 

 woods one would find the erect wake- 

 robin {Trillium erect urn) and another sort 

 {Trillium recurvation). The first with 

 purple-pink, and the latter with dark pur- 

 ple flowers are excellent additions to our 

 list. The recurvatum has its flowers half 

 hidden among the dark green foliage, while 

 in erectum, as its name implies, the flow-ers 

 stand straight up. All these will thrive 

 best away from the sea-coast. 



Yellow or orange-flowered. From Siberia 

 comes the orange globe-flower {Trollius 



Asiaticus) which will thrive in any rich 

 shaded garden soil, and may profitably 

 be allowed a little sunshine. From nearer 

 home we get the yellow clintonia {Clinlonia 

 boreal is) and the bellwort {Uvularia pcr- 

 foliata), also yellow. Both are from our 

 native woodlands, and both require a fair 

 imitation of forest conditions for successful 

 culture. The clintonia is partial to eleva- 

 tions of 1,000 feet or greater, but the bell- 

 wort may be grown anywhere. 



JUNE FLOWERS 



A half-dozen June flowers do their best 

 in just such situations as are outlined above 

 for clintonia. The shooting star {Dode- 

 catheon Media) with white flowers, and also 

 the most popular of all trilliums {T. grandi- 

 florutn) make a wonderful showing in a 

 year or two. Of botanical interest, also 

 white-flowered, is the curious cohosh 









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The European globe flower, lemon yellow. One of 

 the best of the few summer bloomers In shade 



The wakerobin. the best of all the trilliums: flowers 

 in June and will increase rapidly in shade 



{Caulophyllum thalictroides) allied to our 

 common barberry. Its delicate three- 

 leaved foliage and long spike of flowers 

 are welcome additions to the host of shady 

 nook favorites. Less noteworthy are the 

 cucumber root {Smilacina bifolia) with 

 only two leaves and tiny white flowers, 

 and the taller, almost weedy, meadow-rue 

 {Thalictrum dioicum), useful where wild 

 effects are sought. The latter will stand 

 almost any amount of shade, while it 

 is accommodatingly at home in the sun- 

 shine as well. The wonderful yellow 

 ladies'-slipper {Cypripedium hirsutum) is 

 especially well worth cultivating, but is 

 difficult to establish. Only large clumps 

 should be attempted, and it will always 

 prove advantageous to buy them from some 

 dealer, rather than to collect them. Never 

 cultivate them, nor otherwise disturb the 

 leaf-covered soil. 



All of the following June flowers may be 

 grown in ordinary garden soil. 



The snow windflower is the spring counterpart of 

 the Japanese anemone. Prefers a moist soil 



Purple or scarlet-flowered. Among the 

 wind flowers few equal the great scarlet 

 species from France, Anemone Jul gens, and 

 since it is practically the only plant of 

 this color which may be grown in the shade, 

 it is unique for our collection. Not many 

 American dealers carry this, and unfortu- 

 nately it does not seem able to endure any 

 length of time. The Himalayan Delphinium 

 Cashmirianum with purple or rose-purple 

 flowers is especially attractive, but should 

 not be attempted below elevations of 2,000 

 feet. For the country place in the mount- 

 ains it should prove excellent. Our com- 

 mon twisted stalk {Streptopns roseus) is 

 also partial to higher elevations, but may 

 be grown lower down, if the situation is 

 not too dry and windy. 



Blue-flowered. Jacob's ladder {Pole- 

 monium reptans) can scarcely be grown 

 anywhere but in the deepest shade and 

 with its splendid bright green foliage, over- 

 topped by a cluster of deep blue flowers it is 

 an attractive acquisition. From the Old 

 World comes the Siberian lungwort {Mer- 

 tensia Sibirica) a beautiful purplish-blue 

 relative of our native species. It is not 

 very common in the American trade but 

 very generally carried abroad. The monks- 

 hood {Aconitum Napellus) the bluest of all 

 its large family should be in every shady 

 garden. Because of its violently poison- 

 ous properties keep the children and the 

 household pets away from it. Few plants 

 equal it and its many varieties are dressed 

 in various hues of white, and blue and 

 white, with every degree of variegation. 



SUMMER FLOWERS 



Very few of our shade plants flower dur- 

 ing July and August. Two white flowered 

 forms, requiring again, the best imitation 



