12 
CHIFF-CHAFF. 
Sylvia hippolais, Meyer, British Birds, Folio Ed., vol. i. (coloured plate 
figuring adult and egg) [1835-43] ; Hewitson, British Oology, 
1st Ed., vol. i, 2 pp, pl. 118, fig. 1 (egg) [1836] ; id., Eggs of 
British Birds, 2nd Ed., vol. i, pp. 103-104, pl. 28, fig. 2 (egg), 1846. 
Phyllopneuste hippolais, Macgillivray, British Birds, vol. ii, pp. 379- 
381, 1839. 
Sylvia rufa, Hewitson, Hggs of British Birds, 38rd Ed., pp. 139-140, 
pl. 36, fig. 4 (egg), 1856. 
Phyllopneuste rufa, Gould, Birds of Great Britain, vol. ii, 2 pp. pl. 66 
(coloured figures of adults), 1862. 
Phylloscopus collybita, Yarrell’s British Birds, 4th Ed., vol. i, edited 
by Newton, pp. 437-442 (woodcut), 1873; Dresser, Birds of 
Europe, vol. ii, pl. 75, fig. 1, pl. 76, fig. 1 (adult males in spring 
and autumn plumage), pp. 485-490, 1879; Booth, Rough Notes, 
vol. ii, pl. 63-66 (1883). 
Phylloscopus rufus, Seebohm, British Birds, vol. i, pp. 435-440, pl. 10, 
fig. 11 (egg), 1883; Saunders, Manual of British Birds, 2nd Hd., 
pp. 67-78 (woodcut), 1897. 
Phylloscopus minor, Lilford, Coloured Figures, vol. iii, p. 68, PI. 34 
(coloured figure of adult male), 1887. 
Croatian, Vrbtkova Zenika; Czechisch, Budnicek menst ; Danish, Gran- 
sanger; Dutch, T'zif-tzaf; Finnish, Kilttakertu; French, Bec-fin véloge ; 
German, Weiden-Laubvogel; Hungarian, Vérhenyes rendike ; Italian, Lut 
piccolo ; Norwegian, Gransanger; Polish, Gajowka rudawa ; Russian, 
Penotschka tentowka ; Spanish, Mosquilla ; Portuguese, Papa amoras. 
DESCRIPTION OF THE PLUMAGE. 
Adult Male in Spring. 
slightly brighter on the rump. Upper tail-coverts buffish 
olive, similar to the crown and back. There is a distinct, 
though not conspicuous, superciliary stripe, and the lores are 
slightly dusky. The ear-coverts and the side of the neck are 
buffish olive, slightly lighter than the back. Upper parts of 
the wings and tail are brownish grey, shafts of the tail- 
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