'" 





& 



SECOND 

 ANNUAL REPORT 



OF THE 



GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF TEXAS 



E. T. DUMBLE, State Geologist. 



INTRODUCTORY. 



The character of work required to carry on the investigations of the 

 Survey during its second year, in accordance with the plan outlined in 

 the First Annual Report, was necessarily somewhat different from that 

 which preceded it. 



The broader features of the different geological formations had been 

 determined, the character of the materials composing them and some 

 idea of their extent had been ascertained, and with this as a basis we 

 were prepared to take up in greater detail the study of each formation 

 with its various economic minerals and possibilities. 



The work of the different field parties was therefore planned and 

 carried out as nearly as possible with this end in view. Numerous dif- 

 ficulties were encountered, and in some instances the results are not as 

 definite in character as I had hoped to have them, but the general and 

 total result is most satisfactory. 



WORK OF THE SECOND YEAR. 



TOPOGRAPHY. 



One of the most serious troubles experienced by the different field 

 parties was the lack of accurate maps. Without a correct map on which 

 to plot his observations the field geologist is working to the greatest 

 disadvantage. Our county maps are insufficient for the purpose. Many 

 of them are old. They do not show the proper courses of the streams. 

 Few roads are laid down, and these, owing to the frequent changes, are 

 often differently located on the map from their actual location on the 



2— geol. 



