MARION COUNTY. Ill 



pipes or well curbing, but so far as the sewer piping is concerned, these pipes 

 will have a very low resisting power, although strong enough for small or 

 branch sewers. 



THOMAS FARRELL'S CLAY BANK. 



This bank is situated on the A. Richardson headright, and probably has 

 an areal extent of twelve or fourteen acres. The bed, so far as exposed, has 

 a thickness of about six feet. It may probably be a few feet more. The 

 upper division is very sandy and somewhat stained yellow from the overlying 

 deposit of iron ore and sandy gravel. The lower division of the bank is of 

 a pale blue or lead color, turning paler as the clay deepens in the bank. 

 Throughout the bank there occur half-inch layers, or laminse, of an iron stone 

 shale. 



In composition this clay has a finely laminated appearance, and in its lower 

 division is exceedingly tough and plastic, with a soft, greasy, or oily, touch. 

 This clay contains a considerable amount of; mica. If properly treated by 

 washing and wintering and the admixture of a more siliceous clay, or by care 

 in freeing it from the iron layers and mixing the upper and lower beds to- 

 gether, it may be used for many of the purposes already mentioned. Its re- 

 fractory powers, however, are low, even after the most careful washing and 

 separation of the iron. The extraordinarily high proportion of alkalies in 

 this clay will render it unfit for the manufacture of any article where any- 

 thing more than a moderate amount of heat is required. 



The following is an analysis of the clay dried at 115° C. Analysis by 

 J. H. Herndon: 



Silica 62.40 



Alumina 20.66 



Iron 8.54 



Potash 1.12 



Soda 1. 11 



Lime ... 0.40 



Magnesia .... Trace 



100.89 

 The large proportion of iron in this clay is undoubtedly due to the presence 

 of the thin beds of ferruginous matter found at intervals throughout the 

 mass. 



w. c. hill's clay deposits. 



These deposits are, properly speaking, divided into an upper and a lower 

 deposit, with a deposit of mixed sandy clay between. The upper deposit is 

 best developed on the Daingerfield road, where the two clays show a thickness 

 of over fourteen feet. This clay is a very pale shade of blue or bluish gray, 



