PANOLA COUNTY. 233 



pieces of the massive variety, but not in horizontal position. They were also 

 about two feet thick An examination of the vicinity exhibited some evi- 

 dence of faulting or sliding. 



The laminated variety contained small blackened leaf impressions and other 

 carbonaceous remains. The massive variety contained larger leaf impressions, 

 which had become fermginated. The same bed was afterward seen in an 

 exposure on the Thos. F. Hull farm, about three miles west, under water in 

 the same creek, and appeared to be about three feet thick. 



At Grand Bluff, on the Sabine River, was noticed a ledge of this limestone 

 in the west embankment, giving a distinct exposure of the two varieties in 

 situ. The thickness of the upper laminated stratum is two to two and one- 

 half feet, a parting of sandy clay six feet thick overlying the massive bed, 

 which here has a thickness of three feet. The dip of the strata is west and 

 rounding on the north down to the river bed, indicating disturbance. About 

 five hundred yards below there has been a slide or a fault at the mouth of a 

 little ravine, which has brought a large mass of the upper stratum to a lower 

 level than the massive stratum, furnishing additional evidence of disturbance. 



On the Menifee tract, southwest corner of Daniel Martin headright, was 

 seen a surface exposure of over two feet of the massive variety. A sample 

 from this locality was submitted to analysis by Mr. J. H. Herndon, who 

 found it composed of lime, 23.06; magnesia, 0.79; sesquioxide of iron, 3.55; 

 alumina, 8.85; silica, 47.00; carbonic acid gas, 17.70; phosphoric acid and 

 sulphuric acid, traces. These beds, if ever deposited in a continuous sheet, 

 have been eroded, so that that they now appear usually as local detached 

 fragments and bowlders, and always waterworn. 



' SANDSTONE. 



Underlying the deposit of iron conglomerate and iron sandstone in this 

 county there are some localities where a thick bed of sand has been partly 

 cemented by ferruginous solution, and where, undercut by local springs, the 

 caving of the sands has exposed considerable bluffs of soft yellow and red 

 sandstone. Such an exposure was seen at the headwaters of a little stream 

 two miles north of Twoomy Creek and one and one-half miles southwest of 

 Mineral Spring Ridge. The bluff here consists of fifteen to twenty feet of 

 sandstone overlaid by about five feet of sandy soil of the plain, which is about 

 seventy-five feet above the bed of the stream. On Daniel Martin headright, 

 northwestern portion of the county, near the line of Rusk County, was seen 

 a similar ledge of soft yellow sandstone bordering a little stream. 



A similar formation was also seen in the northern part of Sabine County, 

 six and one-half miles south of Patroon Postoffice, Shelby County, on the Ste- 

 phen Matlock tract, in the Wm. Nethery headright. Here the soft ferrugi- 



