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74 GEOLOGY OF NORTHWESTERN TEXAS. 



the line of the Texas and Pacific Railway, in the western part of Parker 

 County. It was also found in a deep well at Thurber to be at least one 

 thousand feet thick. The drill used there brought up a two-inch core which 

 gave a very good idea of the section passed through, which was principally 

 bluish clay, or as the miners call it slate, with a few seams of sandstone and 

 limestone. Near the base of the section, at the Brazos Fiver, in Parker 

 County, there is a bed of limestone with many fusulina. 



All the strata below the Coal Seam No. 1 in the Northern area are placed 

 in this division. 



The gas and salt water at Gordon and Thurber are found in this division. 



Strawn Division. — This division is so named because of the fine and ex- 

 tensive presentation of the strata in the vicinity of that town. It occurs in 

 both the Northern and Southern areas. In the section made across the North- 

 ern area it is shown in the vicinity of Mineral Wells, and in the Central sec- 

 tion it is shown from south of Brownwood to the San Saba River. In the 

 Northern area it rests conformably upon the Millsap division and its base is 

 Coal Seam No. 1. In the Central area its lower portion is missing, as is also 

 the Millsap division, and the middle part of the Strawn division rests uncon- 

 formably upon the Bend division. This division is composed of shaies and 

 sandstones and some conglomerates. Coal Seam No. 1 is at the base of the 

 division. It is intended to include in this division all the strata in the North- 

 ern area above Coal Seam No. 1 and the heavy beds of limestone of the di- 

 vision above. In the Central area it is intended to include in this division all 

 the strata above the Bend division to the heavy beds of limestone near 

 Brownwood. 



Canyon Division. — This division occurs in both the Northern and Central 

 divisions of the Central Carboniferous area. It is so named from the promi- 

 nence with which some of the strata are seen at Canyon, in the western part 

 of Palo Pinto County, along the the line of the Texas and Pacific Railway. 

 This division is composed very largely of massive limestones, and may be 

 seen at Rock Creek, in the western edge of Jack County; at and near Palo 

 Pinto and Canyon Creek, in Palo Pinto County, in the Northern area, and on 

 Jim Ned Creek, in the Southern area. The beds of limestones are not quite as 

 thick in the Central area as they are in the Northern, but the thickness of the 

 division is nearly the same in both. In this division occur most of the large 

 springs to be found in the Carboniferous formation in Texas. This division 

 is characterized by the heavy beds of limestone found in it, and is easily re- 

 cognized by this fact, the limestones in the other divisions being much thin- 

 ner bedded. 



Cisco Division. — This division is well exposed at Cisco, on the line of the 

 Texas and Pacific Railway, and to it I have given the provisional name of 

 that town. It is composed mostly of conglomerates, sandstones, and lime- 



