STEPHENS COUNTY. 535 



of Mining Engineers placed the coal seams at the bottom of the Coal Meas- 

 ures just above the Millstone Grit, and the limestone beds below that he 

 placed in the Chester Group of the Sub-Carboniferous. He based his con- 

 clusions upon the supposition that the conglomerate found here was the 

 Millstone Grit, and therefore any limestone found below it would necessarily 

 belong to the Sub-Carboniferous. He found what he supposed to be the same 

 conglomerate in the eastern edge of Palo Pinto County and called it Millstone 

 Grit, when in fact there is more than fifteen hundred feet of strata between 

 the two beds of conglomerate, and neither one of them is the equivalent of 

 the Millstone Grit. He gives a bed of limestone — which he calls the Chester — 

 as being two hundred and fifty feet thick, when in fact there is no such bed 

 to be found anywhere in this part of the State. All the limestone beds in 

 the county put together would not make one hundred feet. The Coal Meas- 

 ure fossils are abundant and well preserved, and I see no reason to think that 

 these limestones belong to the Sub-Carboniferous, but instead I find them to 

 be in the Upper Coal Measures. 



The following fossils were taken from a section just above Coal Seam No. 

 7, five miles southwest of Crystal Palls: 



honetes granulifera, Owen; Fenestella, ; Hemipronites crassus, Meek 



and Hayden; Productus longispinus, Sowerby; P. semireticulatus, Martin; P. 

 prattenanus, Norwood; P.pundatusf, Martin; Spirifer cameratus, Morton ; Pinna 

 per acuta?, Shumard; Fusulina cylindrica, Fischer; Zaphrentis spinulifera, 

 White. 



The fossils taken at Graham, a list of which is given elsewhere in this Re- 

 port, were all taken from strata below the limestone which was placed by Mr. 

 Ashburner in the Sub-Carboniferous. That list, as well as the list taken from 

 Mineral Wells, which is still below the horizon at Graham, shows the strata to 

 be true Coal Measures, and high up in the measures at that 



SOIL. 



What has been said of the soils of Young County may be repeated of the 

 soils here. The soils along the river are somewhat different from those along 

 the main Brazos River in Young County, but with that exception they are 

 about the same. The soil along the Clear Fork of the Brazos in this county 

 is generally black sandy, with places of red sandy loam. These lands are in 

 broad, level valleys, often a mile or more wide. They are the very best lands 

 for farming. The same may be said of the valleys along the larger creeks. 



The soils on the uplands being made from the underlying strata vary ac- 

 cording to location. Some of them are light sandy, while others are sandy 

 loam. Some of them have too large a percentage of clay to be very good for 

 agricultural purposes, but all are good grass lands. The grass is generally 



