AREA OF THE REGION. 671 



West of the Guadaloupe Mountains the Wind Mountains rise and extend 

 into Texas from New Mexico. The elevations of the Tinaja Pinta rise about 

 ten miles below the thirty-second parallel, in a southeasterly direction, with 

 an extension sloping gently toward the Salt Lake valley. This extension 

 connects with the Sierra Prieta, from which the steep cliffs of the east side of 

 the Sierra Diabolo run down to about eight miles north of the Texas and 

 Pacific Railway at Allamore, turning in a western direction at the Hazel 

 Mine. 



A mountain ridge extends nearly parallel to the eastern cliff side of the 

 Sierra Diabolo which is partly capped and flanked by metamorphosed strati- 

 fied rocks, tilted by the igneous upheavals. This mountain range extends to 

 about twenty-five miles from Allamore, in a northeasterly direction, and the 

 eruptive rock which, like that of the "Tumbled Mountain," breaks through 

 the stratified layers in large serpentinous dykes, is probably related closely to 

 the rocks of the Carrizo Mountains. These Carrizo Mountains disappear for 

 a distance of about eight miles below the flat east of the Eagle Mountains, 

 and reappear in a spur of the Yan Horn range, where we meet again the 

 crystalline schists and granitic rocks, partly capped and flanked by metamor- 

 phic Cretaceous limestones. These schists also outcrop through the lime- 

 stones in the ravines west of the Van Horn Wells, and like those of the 

 Carrizo Mountains show fair indications for argentiferous copper. 



A flat about ten miles wide extends between the Van Horn and Davis 

 mountains, and slopes slightly towards Van Horn Station. From this flat, 

 near Chispa, on the Southern Pacific Railway, a mountain group arises, evi- 

 dently of volcanic origin, which extends towards the Davis range. The flat 

 widens out from these mountains towards Valentine, leaving the railroad at 

 Valentine nearly in the middle between the Davis Mountains and the Vie jo 

 Pass, a distance of about twelve miles from either place. 



The flat assumes a more hilly character (similar to the rolling prairies of 

 the east) southeast of Valentine near Marfa, with the Davis and Paisano 

 mountains north and east and the Capote and Chinatti mountains south and 

 west. 



East of Presidio del Norte we meet the Sierra Bofecillos, with some good 

 springs. These extend in a northerly direction into the Sierra Refugio and 

 in a southwesterly direction to the Rio Grande, which here in a number of 

 rapids rushes down between the cliffy shores. 



Southeast from the Bofecillos towards the extreme southern point of the 

 great bend of the Rio Grande we find located the Tarlinga (Treslinguas) 

 Peak, the Rosillas, Corazones, and Chisos (Specter) mountains, east of which, 

 nearly parallel in their general direction, are the St. Jago (Sierra Contrario) 



