spreading with age; lvs. l/2"-3/4" long, half as wide; female. It is not 

 clear if a clone is being described in this reference. G. Krussmann, 

 Handb. Laub., 1st ed., Fascicle Pub., 2:23. Dec. 1960, as a cultivar - 

 low, densely branched; twigs dark brown; lvs. crowded, elliptic, very 

 narrow, 0.7-1.3 cm long, 0.4-0.7 cm wide, somewhat convex at the tip, 

 dark green. The descriptions provided by these authors are not reliable 

 or adequate enough to separate a single clone from among many sold as 

 MICROPHYLLA. Probably most of the MICROPHYLLA clones in the 

 U.S. nursery trade are from the 1892 Arnold Arboretum seed, which 

 represented many clones, and are not of the Siebold 1868 origin via 

 Netherlands, which also probably represented several clones. In the 

 U.S. nurseries, clones are usually female and vary in leaf size, vigor, 

 and compactness. The orthography of cultivar names was not 

 formalized until 1953, and for this reason it is impossible to accurately 

 determine when the name MICROPHYLLA was first applied to a 

 vegetatively propagated clone. However, clonal propagation of 

 /. crenata has been extensive in the U.S. since at least the 1930's. 

 While B. Boom applied the cultivar name MICROPHYLLA to a plant 

 introduced in 1868, presumably referring to the Siebold introduction, 

 Boom did not say if MICROPHYLLA or any other name was earlier 

 applied to Siebold' s plant. The first record found of the name 

 MICROPHYLLA at any rank was in 1874 when /. aquifolium 

 MICROPHYLLA, now recognized as a cultivar, was named. 

 Therefore, the name /. crenata MICROPHYLLA is illegitimate as a 

 cultivar name in /. crenata, since /. aquifolium MICROPHYLLA has 

 priority. Furthermore, it is difficult to accept MICROPHYLLA as a 

 cultivar name in /. crenata, since the name has been used for such an 

 ill-defined, confused, and proliferating assemblage of clones. In the 

 U.S. nursery trade, there are many more different and undocumented 

 clones with the name MICROPHYLLA than are discussed in this 

 checklist. 



MICROPHYLLA AUREO-VARIEGATA (Herman Hesse, Weener, West 

 Germany, cat. p. 143. 1959-60) - beautiful yellow variegated lvs.; very 

 elegant. Amer. Wholesale Nurs., Dix Hills, New York, advert, in 1990 

 Composite Stocklist, Long Island Growers Guide, Riverhead, New 

 York, p. 72. 1990, without descr. - with common name "Variegated 

 Upright Japanese Holly." Illegitimate, since the name is in Latin form, 

 and moreover all elements of the name have been previously used 

 individually as cv. names for different clones in /. crenata and 

 /. aquifolium. Probably not the original name. Variegated clones have 

 been long known in cultivation in European and Japanese gardens. = 

 ? LUTEO-VARIEGATA, ? AUREO-VARIEGATA. See LUTEO- 

 VARIEGATA and AUREO-VARIEGATA for complete syn. 



MICROPHYLLA COLUMNARIS (Tankard Nurs., Exmore, Virginia, cat. 

 p. 11. sp. 1973) - narrow, columnar; lvs. small. Illegitimate, since the 



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