SHADE TKEES AND CATCH CROPS. 75 



Ricinus communis. Castor bean. 



Common names. — Higuerilla (Mexico); Palma Christi. 

 Used in Mexico as temporary shade, and generally replaced by woody trees as 

 soon as these have had time to grow. It is generally considered less desirable than 

 the banana, and is also thought to exhaust the soil rapidly. If its use is desirable 

 at all, it is likely to prove valuable only in dry regions where shade is a necessity 

 and where slow-growing leguminous trees are to be employed. The marketing of 

 the beans and the local extraction of the oil are also to be considered in connection 

 with any extensive enterprise. In Brazil some of the larger plantations are equipped 

 with facilities for making from castor beans illuminating gas for lighting the build- 

 ings in which the coffee is dried and prepared for market. The apparatus for dis- 

 tilling the beans, together with the pipes and other equipment for 50 burners, was 

 given in 1885 as about §1,600. 



Rose-apple. (See Jambosa jambos.) 



Rosewood (British India). (See Dalbergia latifolia.) 



Roucou (Carib). (See Bixa orellana.) 



Roway (Java). (See Arachls liypogaea.) 



Rubber (Ceara). (See JIanihot glaziovii.) 



Rubber (Central America). (See Castilloa elastica.) 



Rubber (Para). (See Hevea brasiliensis.) 



Saccharum officinarum. Sugar cane. 



Sugar cane is sometimes planted in Mexico between the newly set coffee seedlings. 

 It doubtless furnishes shade in the same way as maize, but further advantages of the 

 arrangement are not evident and it is not known that it is used on a large scale. 



Saman (Spanish America). (See Pithecolobiwn saman.) 



Sand-box tree. (See Hura crepitans.) 



Sau (Ceylon). (See Albizzia stipulata.) 



Savonette (Trinidad). (See Lonchocarpns.) 



Schizolobium excelsum. 



A Brazilian leguminous tree mentioned by Raoul as used for forest planting in the 

 East Indies; also recommended for coffee shade. It is capable of extremely rapid 

 growth, becoming a tree of considerable size in eighteen months. This extraordinary 

 development is said to take place, however, only in soils to which it is particularly 

 adapted, which may mean that it must be planted where the tubercle-forming bac- 

 teria are present under conditions favorable to them. 



Sengon (Java). (See Albizzia stipulata.) 



Sengoon laoot (Malay). (See Albizzia moluccana.) 



Sengon yora (Malay). (See Albizzia stipulata.) 



Serap. 



According to Lock, a name applied in Java to a variety of the dadap (Erythrina). 

 Serrana. (See Madre serrana.) 

 Sesbania grandiflora. (See Agati grandiflora.) 



